面向服务水平的高速铁路列车开行方案优化  

Service Level Oriented Optimization of Train Operation Plan for High Speed Railway

作　　者：史峰[1] 李彦霖[1] 胡心磊 徐光明[1] 单杏花[2] SHI Feng;LI Yanlin;HU Xinlei;XU Guangming;HAN Xinghua(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China;Institute of Computing Technologies,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]中国铁道科学研究院电子计算技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2018年第5期127-136,共10页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1334207;71701216)

摘　　要：在传统列车开行方案基础上引入列车始发时间,形成高速铁路列车开行方案的新概念。针对一些关键O-D对,提出服务列车数下限要求;针对车站需求稀疏时段,提出发车时间间隔上限要求。基于旅客出行的时变需求,建立面向旅客服务水平的高速铁路列车开行方案优化的双层规划模型,其中上层规划为铁路企业优化列车开行方案的决策;下层规划描述旅客的乘车选择行为,即列车网络上进行客流分配。为缩小优化搜索空间,列车运行区段仅限于备选集中产生,并将关键O-D对服务列车数约束转化为各车站的停站列车数约束。设计列车停站方案的确定方法、初始开行方案的生成方法和邻域解的搜索方法,并以此为核心设计求解模型的模拟退火算法。算例表明,采用该模型和算法求解的列车开行方案在时空区域上较好地满足了旅客出行时变需求,服务水平达到规定下限,模型和算法具有良好的优化效率和实用性。On the basis of traditional train operation plan,the train departuretime is introduced to form a new concept of train operation plan for high speedrailway.For some key O-D pairs,the lower limit of service train number is putforward.Also,for the time interval with sparse station demand,the upper limit of departure time interval is proposed.Based on the time-varying demands ofpassengers,a passenger service level oriented bi-level programming model of train operation plan for high speed railway is proposed.In which,the upper levelis for the decision making of railway enterprises to optimize the train operation plan.The lower level is for describing the choice behaviors of passengers,that is,the passenger flow assignment on train network.In order to narrow the search space of optimization,the train operation sections are restricted to thecandidate train set.The constraints on train service levels of key O-D pairs are converted to the constraints on the number of train stops at each station.Asimulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the model by determining thetrain stop plan,generating the initial operation plan and designing the searchmethod for neighborhood solution.The example shows that the train operation plan solved by this model and algorithm can better satisfy the time-varying demands of passengers in spatial-temporal domain,and the service level reaches the required lower limit.Both the model and algorithm are of good optimization efficiency and practicability.

关 键 词：高速铁路 列车开行方案 服务水平 时变需求 模拟退火算法 

分 类 号：U293.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]