来自六堡茶的3株散囊菌属真菌对烟草的发酵效果分析  

Fermentation effects of three Aspergillus spp. fungi derived from Liupao tea on the application in tobacco

作　　者：龙章德[1] 陈皓睿 刘鸿[1] 薛云[1] 农李政[1] 宁振兴[1] 杨龙彦[1] 胡志忠[1] 申佩弘[2] LONG Zhang-de;CHEN Hao-rui;LIU Hong;XUE Yun;NONG Li-zheng;NING Zhen-xing;YANG Long-yan;HU Zhi-zhong;SHEN Pei-hong(China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530001,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西中烟工业有限责任公司,南宁530001 [2]广西大学生命科学与技术学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2018年第10期2055-2061,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西科技攻关项目(桂科攻15118006);广西中烟有限责任公司科技项目(GXZYCX2017B003)

摘　　要：【目的】研究来自六堡茶的3株散囊菌属真菌对烟草梗丝的发酵效果,为散囊菌属真菌在烟草中的应用提供参考依据。【方法】分析从六堡茶中筛选得到的3株散囊菌属真菌Aspergillus chevalieri E2(简写E2)、Aspergillus chevalieri E3(简写E3)和Aspergillus cristatus E6(简写E6)在自制烟梗粉液体培养基中的发酵情况,采用DNS法测定果胶酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶活力及总糖和还原糖含量,茚三酮比色法测定氨基酸含量,普鲁士蓝法测定总抗氧化能力,DPPH·降解法测定自由基清除能力。【结果】3株真菌在烟梗粉液体培养基中均能很好生长,在其表面形成金色有性子囊果结构,产生香气;且在此培养基中3株真菌均能产果胶酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶,3种酶的最高活力约5.00、1.10和0.50 U/mL,其中E2的产酶速度不及另外两株真菌。与未发酵的对照相比,发酵上清液的还原糖含量均有大幅提升,其中E2提高了289.18%,达31.64 mg/mL;E2、E3和E6总糖含量极显著降低(P<0.01,下同),分别是对照的83.71%、60.03%和70.37%,发酵液的还原糖与总糖比例均接近1∶1,而对照的还原糖含量为总糖含量的20.83%;E3和E6发酵液的氨基酸含量显著减少(P<0.05),分别为对照的82.71%和82.12%;总抗氧化能力无明显变化,但E2和E3发酵液的DPPH·清除能力极显著增强,分别提升了14.71%和21.26%。【结论】来自六堡茶的散囊菌属真菌在烟梗粉液体培养基中能大量生长,具有产糖水解酶特性和清除自由基能力,在改善烟制品方面有一定应用潜力。【Objective】Fermentation effects of three strains of Aspergillus spp.derived from Liupao tea on tobacco stem were studied to provide reference for application of Aspergillus spp.fungi in tobacco production.【Method】Three Aspergillus spp.fungi,A.chevalieri E2(E2),A.chevalieri E3(E3)and A.cristatus E6(E6)were isolated from the Liupao tea.Then the fermentation status of them in self-made tobacco stem powder liquid media were analyzed.Pectinase activity,cellulase activity,amylase activity,total sugar content,reducing sugar content were determined by DNS method,amino acids content was detected by nihydrin colorimetry,total antioxidant activity was determined by Prussian blue method,and free radical scavenging capacity was determined by DPPH·scavenging assay.【Result】Three fungi grew well on the tobacco stem powder liquid media,and produced the golden sexual morph of ascomata on the surface and there was aroma produced.In this medium,three fungi produced pectinase,cellulase and amylase,and the highest enzyme activities of the three were approximately 5.00,1.10 and 0.50 U/mL respectively.But E2 was slower than the other two fungi in terms of the speed of the production of these enzymes.For the fermented liquid,compared with the unfermented control,there was significant increase on the amount of reducing sugar,and amount of reducing sugar in E2 reached 31.64 mg/mL.Total sugar contents of E2,E3 and E6 extremely reduced(P<0.01,the same below),which were 83.71%、60.03%and 70.37%of that in control.Moreover,the ratios of reducing sugar to total sugar for all fermented liquids were close to 1∶1,while the reducing sugar accounted for only 20.83%of the total sugar for the control.The contents of amino acids dropped significantly(P<0.05)in E3 and E6 fermented liquid,which were 82.71%and 82.12%of that in control respectively.The total antioxidant activity was with no notable changes,but there was extremely significant rise in DPPH·scavenging capacity for E2 and E3 fermented liquid,the increases were 14.71%and 21.26%.

关 键 词：烟草 散囊菌属 真菌 发酵 酶活 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：S572.09[农业科学—烟草工业]