饶宗颐早期甲骨学研究的渊源、方法与成就--兼论广东省立文理学院在光孝寺之校史  

Origins,Methods and Achievements of Jao Tsung-I's Early Research on Oracle Bones—— On the History of Guangdong Provincial College of Arts and Science in Guangxiao Temple

作　　者：胡孝忠[1] HU Xiao-zhong

机构地区：[1]山东大学历史文化学院、饶学研究中心

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第6期174-182,192,共10页Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：山东省社科规划一般项目“导夫先路:饶宗颐史学方法与思想研究”(18CLSJ03);山东大学基本科研业务费资助青年团队项目“饶宗颐与法国汉学家的交谊和建树”(IFYT18011)。

摘　　要：国学大师饶宗颐早年治甲骨学,起源于抗战初期在香港为王云五编纂用四角号码查询甲骨文、金文的字典;其研究甲骨是清朝朴学的路数,同时受到家学和顾颉刚等古史辨派、禹贡学派及齐鲁大学学者的影响。抗战胜利后在广东省立文理学院(今华南师范大学前身之一)完成的《殷困民国考》是饶宗颐早期甲骨学研究的代表作,当时该校在罗香林领导下汇聚了大批学者,创办刊物,形成了一个学术共同体。饶宗颐研究甲骨是从考释文字入手,特别重视甲骨的训释。因其熟读先秦典籍,善于运用小学方法,故能将甲骨和典籍及金文等出土文物结合研究,并提出"三重证据法"。其甲骨学的成果或纠正错误的历史记载,或证实历史上的人名、地名,疏通了历史发展的脉络,提出了治契新方法,有利于后人解经、读史和治学。The master of Chinese studies,Jao Tsung-I,studied oracle bones in his early years,which originated from that he adopted four-corner numbers to compile an dictionary for Wang Yunwu,used for looking up oracle and bronze inscriptions,in Hong Kong at the early stage of Anti-Japanese War.His research on oracle bones adopted the approach of“Pu Xue”in the Qing dynasty,and was also influenced by family learning and scholars from the school of Critiques of Ancient History(e.g.Gu Jiegang),the Yugong school and Cheeloo University.After the victory of Anti-Japanese War,Jao Tsung-I completed Research on the Kunmin State of Shang Dynasty,his early masterpiece of oracle bones study,in Guangdong Provincial College of Arts and Science.At that time,under the leadership of Luo Xianglin,the college gathered a large number of scholars,who started a publication and formed an academic community.Jao Tsung-I's research on oracle bones began with the interpretation of characters,with special emphasis on the interpretation of oracle bones.Because he was familiar with the pre-Qin classics and was good at using Qianjia Scholars'methods,he could combine oracle bones with the unearthed cultural relics such as classics and bronze inscriptions,and proposed the“Tri-evidence Method”.The achievements of his research on oracle bones have corrected the wrong historical records,verified the names of people and places in history,clarified the skeleton of historical development,and proposed a new method of studying,which can benefit the future generations in interpreting classics,reading history and making studies.

关 键 词：饶宗颐 困民国 殷商史 广东省立文理学院 三重证据法 

分 类 号：K21[历史地理—历史学]