果树下食用菌复合套种栽培技术研究  

Study on the Compound Interplanting Cultivation Technology of Edible Fungi in Fruit Trees

作　　者：徐青松[1] 骈跃斌[1] 杨杰[1] 徐劲松[2] 赵明[3] XU Qingsong;PIAN Yuebin;YANG Jie;XU Jinsong;ZHAO Ming(Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of Maize,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinzhou 034000,China;Research Center of Modern Agriculture,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院食用菌研究所,山西太原030031 [2]山西省农业科学院玉米研究所,山西忻州034000 [3]山西省农业科学院现代农业研究中心,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2018年第12期2029-2033,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院所长青年引导专项(yydzx08)

摘　　要：选用鸡腿菇、草菇、滑菇3种菇种,分别就果树下不同配方、不同栽培时间、不同灌溉模式、不同遮阴效果的生育特性及产量性状进行比较分析,选出适合3种菇种的栽培方法,以实现果树林下套种食用菌的效益最大化。结果表明,鸡腿菇果树下栽培,以棉籽壳40%,麦麸30%,稻草20%,麦秸8%,石灰1%,石膏1的培养基配方,及全面积喷水灌溉、80%以上的遮阴率、春季4月下旬和8月下旬栽培的生育特性及产量最好;草菇在果树下栽培,以棉籽壳57%,石灰粉5%,麸皮3%,麦秸35%的培养基配方及中间喷水灌溉、80%以上的遮阴率、8月下旬栽培的条件下生育特性及产量最佳;滑菇在果树下栽培,以棉籽壳76%,麸皮10%,玉米粉10%,糖1%,过磷酸钙1%,石膏粉1%,石灰1%的培养基配方,及全面喷灌、80%以上的遮阴率、9月中旬栽培的条件下生育特性和产量最佳。Under the forest,three different mushroom species,Coprinus comatus,Volvariella volvacea and Pleurotus ostreatus,were selected to to compare and analyze the growth characteristics and yield characteristics of different formulations,different cultivation time,different irrigation patterns,different shading effects under the fruit forest.The cultivation methods suitable for three kinds of mushroom species were selected to maximize the benefit of interplanting edible mushroom under the fruit forest.The results showed that 40%cottonseed hull,30%wheat bran,20%straw,8%wheat straw,1%lime and 1%gypsum were used as the medium for cultivation under the fruit tree of Coprinus comatus,and the growth characteristics and yield of the cultivation under the fruit tree in late April and late August,and total water sprinkler irrigation,shading rate above 80%were the best.57%cottonseed hull,5%lime powder,3%bran,35%wheat straw was used as the medium for cultivation under the fruit tree of Volvariella volvacea,and the growth characteristics and yield of the mushroom were the best in intermediate sprinkler irrigation,80%shading rate and late August cultivation.76%cottonseed hull,10%bran,10%corn flour,10%sugar,1%superphosphate,1%gypsum powder and 1%lime was used as the medium for cultivation under the fruit tree of Pleurotus ostreatus,under the conditions of sprinkler irrigation,over 80%shading rate,mid September cultivation,the growth characteristics and yield were the best.

关 键 词：果树 林下 鸡腿菇 草菇 滑菇 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]