口腔颌面部间隙感染患者的临床特点及病原菌分析  

Analysis of the pathogenic bacteria and clinical characteristics of the patients with oral and maxillofacial space infection

作　　者：王涛[1] 李建虎 许志鹏[1] 张鹏[1] 焦惠民[1] 徐红艳[1] WANG Tao;LI Jianhu;XU Zhipeng;ZHANG Peng;JIAO Huimin;XU Hongyan(710031 Xi’an,Department of Stomatology,Shaan’xi Provincial People Hospital,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省人民医院口腔科,西安710031

出　　处：《实用口腔医学杂志》2018年第6期809-812,共4页Journal of Practical Stomatology

摘　　要：目的:分析口腔颌面部间隙感染患者的细菌分布及药敏性,为临床治疗提供依据。方法:回顾分析2013-03～2016-10我科治疗的153例口腔颌面部间隙感染患者资料,收集、分析其细菌培养及药敏试验结果。结果:153例患者中,眶下间隙、咬肌间隙和颌下间隙感染分别为29. 41%、24. 84%和15. 03%;病因中牙源性、腺源性感染分别为62. 74%和20. 92%;共检出病原体401株,需氧菌-厌氧菌混合感染占44. 89%为主;需氧菌感染38. 15%,其中金黄色葡萄球菌感染占14. 96%,肺炎链球菌感染8. 98%;厌氧菌感染占16. 96%,以普氏菌多见(7. 98%)。金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素、头孢硫脒、环丙沙星敏感;肺炎链球菌、溶血性链球菌对万古霉素和亚胺培南敏感;普氏菌对亚胺培南敏感。结论:口腔颌面部感染以眶下及咬肌间隙感染多见;牙源性是感染的主要因素;以需氧菌-厌氧菌混合感染为主,其次为需氧菌感染;临床治疗中应进行细菌培养及药敏试验,合理使用抗生素。Objective:To analysize the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and clinical characteristics of the patients with oral and maxillofacial space infection so as to provide evidence for clinical treatment.Methods:The distribution of pathogenic bacteria and clinical characteristics of 153 patients with oral and maxillofacial space infenction treated in our oral department from February.2013 to October.2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 153 patients,those with infraorbital space,masseter muscle infection and submaxillary space,accounted for 29.41%,24.84%and 15.03%,odontogenic infection and parotid infection were 62.74%and 20.92%respectively.401 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 153 patients,including aerobic-anaerobic mixed bacteria(44.89%)and aerobic bacteria(38.15%),among which staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumonia were dominant,accounted for 14.96%and 8.98%respectively,anaerobic bacteria(16.96%),among which Prevotella was dominant,accounted for 7.98%.The drug susceptibility test showed that staphylococcus aureus was susceptible to ciprofloxacin,cafathiamidine and vancomycin.Streptococcus pneumonia was susceptible to nancomycin and imipenem.Provetella was high susceptible to imipenem.Conclusion:The patients with infraorbital space and masseter muscle space infection are dominant in the cases with oral and maxillofacial space infenction.The odontogenic infection is the main cause,followed by glandular infection.The aerobic-anaerobic mixed bacteria infection is the most common in clinic,followed by aerobic bacterial infection.It is necessary to take drug susceptibility test for treatment.

关 键 词：口腔颌面部间隙感染 临床特点 病原菌 

分 类 号：R782.3[医药卫生—口腔医学]