试析莎士比亚十四行诗的人体隐喻  

Human Body Metaphors in Shakespeare's Sonnets——An Embodied Cognition Analysis

作　　者：谢世坚[1] 郎茹娟 Xie Shijian;Lang Rujuan(College of Foreign Studies,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin Guangxi,541006,Chi)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学外国语学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第6期107-114,共8页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"隐喻认知视角下莎剧的修辞研究"(12BYY130);广西研究生教育创新计划项目"认知视角下莎士比亚十四行诗与中国古典诗歌意象对比研究"(YCSW2017087)

摘　　要：在莎士比亚十四行诗中,莎士比亚不仅大量地运用人体词,而且使用了多种修辞手法,如拟人、明喻、暗喻、转喻、提喻等,其中隐喻的使用是莎士比亚语言的特色之一。随着认知语言学的发展,隐喻不仅仅是一种修辞手法,更是一种认知方式。人体是人类认识世界的基础,人体隐词的喻化则是基于人体对自身感知的基本经验而形成的隐喻概念,因此,人体隐喻的形成是人类的生存活动与认知思维相互作用的必然结果。莎士比亚十四行诗中人体词的使用频率很高,通过不同概念域之间的投射形成了丰富的隐喻意义。通过分析人体隐喻的认知理据和隐喻投射模式,探讨人体隐喻对构建十四行诗主题思想的重要作用,可以帮助人们更好地理解十四行诗的内涵。In Shakespear’s sonnets,we can find a large number of words of human body and a variety of rhetorical devices,such as personification,simile,metaphor,metonymy,synecdoche and so on.Metaphorical rhetoric is one of the characteristics of Shakespeare’s language.With the development of cognitive linguistics,metaphor is not only regarded as a rhetorical device,but also as a cognitive method.Human body is the foundation of human’s understanding of the world and the metaphorization of human body is a metaphorical concept based on the basic experience of human body on its own perception.So,the formation of human body metaphor is the inevitable result of the interaction between human survival activities and cognitive thinking.Words of human body are frequently used in Shakespeare’s sonnets,and forms rich metaphorical meanings through the projection between different conceptual domains.This paper attempts to analyze the cognitive rationale and metaphorical projection modes of human body metaphors from the perspective of embodied cognition,to explore the important role of human body metaphors in constructing the theme of sonnets,and to help readers have a better understanding of the connotation of sonnets.

关 键 词：莎士比亚 十四行诗 体验认知 认知理据 人体隐喻 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]