大气CO_2浓度升高对糙米和精米中矿质营养元素含量的影响  

Influence of free-air CO_2 enrichment(FACE) on the content of mineral nutrient elements in brown rice and white rice

作　　者：蒋倩 朱建国[1] 朱春梧[1] 刘钢[1] 徐习 张继双[1,2] JIANG Qian;ZHU Jian-guo;ZHU Chun-wu;LIU Gang;XU Xi;ZHANG Ji-shuang(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2018年第6期1217-1224,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870423);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(31261140364);科技部国际合作与交流项目(2010DFA22770)

摘　　要：利用自由空气CO_2浓度升高(Free-air CO_2 enrichment,FACE)平台,在CO_2浓度高于对照200μmol/mol的条件下,以籼稻IIY084和粳稻WYJ21(23)为材料,连续2年(2012和2013年)研究其糙米与精米的品质性状(N、K、P、Ca、Mg、Ni、Mo含量等)对大气CO_2浓度升高的响应。结果表明:CO_2浓度升高条件下,水稻糙米、精米产量连续2年显著增加,其中,IIY084 2年平均分别增产37. 1%、39. 6%,WYJ21(23)则增产10. 9%、9. 2%。CO_2浓度升高处理的IIY084糙米、精米N含量2年平均分别降低11. 1%、7. 7%,而WYJ21(23)分别降低4. 2%、5. 9%。品种效应显著,IIY084糙米、精米产量及其N含量均高于WYJ21(23)。CO_2浓度升高对籼稻和粳稻品种糙米、精米K、P、Mg、Ca、Ni、Mo含量没有显著影响。此外,籼稻与粳稻品种糙米中矿质元素含量平均值是精米的1. 10(N)～9. 89(Mg)倍。与WYJ21(23)相比,IIY084糙米、精米产量及N含量对CO_2浓度升高的响应更明显,并且糙米中矿质元素含量对CO_2浓度升高的响应强于精米。因此,糙米、精米搭配食用是缓解大气CO_2浓度升高引起的食用稻米人群部分矿质营养匮乏问题的有效措施之一。In this study,indica IIY084 and japonica WYJ21(23)(Oryza sativa L.)were grown at a free-air CO2 enrichment(FACE)experimental facility across two growth seasons(2012-2013)under ambient and elevated CO2 conditions.The target CO2 of the FACE plots was 200μmol/mol above that of ambient.Effects of elevated CO2 on N,K,P,Ca,Mg,Ni and Mo concentrations in both brown rice and white rice of indica and japonica genotypes were investigated.The results showed that the yields of brown rice and white rice were increased after exposed to elevated CO2 for two years.Averagely,the yields of brown and white rice were increased by 37.1%,39.6%for IIY084,and by 10.9%,9.2%for WYJ21(23).Under the treatment of elevated CO2,the average N concentration of brown rice and white rice of IIY084 in two years decreased by 11.1%,7.7%,separately,and those of WYJ21(23)declined by 4.2%,5.9%,respectively.In addition,significant cultivar effects were found,the yield and N concentration of brown and white rice in IIY084 were higher than those in WYJ21(23).No significant CO2 effects were found on K,P,Mg,Ca,Ni and Mo concentrations in brown rice and white rice of the tested cultivars.Moreover,the average concentrations of tested mineral elements in brown rice were 1.1(N)to 9.89(Mg)times greater than those in white rice.In short,the responses of yield and N concentration of brown and white rice to elevated CO2 of IIY084 were much higher than those of WYJ21(23).Besides,the responses of mineral elements to elevated CO2 in brown rice were stronger than those in white rice.Obviously,the matching use of brown rice and white rice is an effective measure to alleviate the problem of partial mineral nutrient deficiency caused by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration in the future.

关 键 词：FACE 水稻 糙米 精米 矿质营养元素 加工方式 

分 类 号：S162.5[农业科学—农业气象学]