纤维含量对麻纤维复合材料力学和振动阻尼性能的影响  

Effect of Fiber Content on Mechanical Properties and Vibration Damping Characteristics of Bast Fiber Reinforced Composites

作　　者：何莉萍[1] 皮超雄 陈大川[2] 谭博欢 张邦基[1] 袁剑民[3] 李伟[3] HE Liping;PI Chaoxiong;CHEN Dachuan;TAN Bohuan;ZHANG Bangji;YUAN Jianmin;LI Wei(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Hunan University,Changsha410082,China;College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [3]湖南大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第12期66-72,共7页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51073051)~~

摘　　要：振动阻尼和力学性能是节能环保麻纤维增强复合材料推广应用于高铁、汽车等运载工具车身时需要考虑的重要和关键技术指标.为此,本文对洋麻纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料进行了拉伸力学性能试验和悬臂梁模态试验,得到了复合材料的拉伸性能和振动阻尼特性参数(固有频率和阻尼比),并探讨了纤维含量对复合材料力学性能和悬臂梁固有频率以及阻尼比的影响.结果表明:随着纤维含量的增加,复合材料的断裂伸长率逐渐降低,弹性模量和拉伸强度均呈增加趋势.同时,复合材料的悬臂梁固有频率随着纤维含量的增加而增加.然而,复合材料悬臂梁的阻尼比呈现先增加后降低的趋势,当纤维质量分数为10%时,阻尼比达到最大值为0.093,与纯聚丙烯相比,提高了20.8%.复合材料悬臂梁二阶阻尼比均高于一阶阻尼比,表明振动幅值影响麻纤维增强树脂基复合材料的阻尼性能.Damping and mechanical properties of bast fiber reinforced composites are important and key issues for their applications in manufacturing vehicle body components of automobile and high-speed train.Therefore,this work experimentally studied the kenaf fiber reinforced polypropylene composites.Investigation on the effect of fiber weight percentage on vibration characteristics and mechanical properties was carried out through mechanical tests and modal analysis.The results indicated that the tensile strain decreased with the increase in fiber content.The tensile modulus and tensile strength showed a rising trend with fiber content increase.Natural frequencies of the com posites improved with fiber content increase in both the1st and2nd vibration modes.The damping ratio initially increased with the increase of fiber content before10%,and then decreased after10%.The highest composite damping ratio was of0.093obtained at10%fiber content,which increased by20.8%compared with the pure polypropylene.The damping ratio of the 2nd mode was higher than that of the1st mode for each kenaf/pp composite.This suggests that damping properties of the kenaf/pp composites are related to vibration amplitude.

关 键 词：麻纤维 复合材料 纤维含量 固有频率 阻尼比 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理]