基于多源数据的城市火灾风险评估及应用——以厦门市为例  

Urban Fire Risk Evaluation and Empirical Research Based on Multi-Source Data Model:Case of Xiamen

作　　者：鲁钰雯 翟国方[1] 周姝天 施益军 LU Yuwen;ZHAI guofang;ZHOU shutian;SHI yijun(School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学建筑与城市规划学院,江苏南京210093 [2]浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《灾害学》2019年第1期215-221,共7页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：日本学术振兴会项目(18K03022);江苏省社科基金重点项目(16JZA009)

摘　　要：在梳理城市火灾风险评估的概念和基本方法的基础上,从城市区域特征、建筑特征、消防负荷等影响火灾风险的要素入手,构建基于多源数据的城市火灾风险评估模型。以厦门市为实例,通过Arc GIS软件对厦门市火灾风险进行评估,从消防站可达范围、覆盖火灾风险等级和覆盖消防重点单位等方面综合评价城市消防应对和抵御能力,并将火灾风险评估结果和消防抵御能力进行叠加分析,从而提出消防站布局优化方案和消防重点地区管理策略。With the rapid development of urban social economy, as one of the important guarantee in urban security system, the construction of fire safety system is becoming increasingly important for the urban safety development. As an important part of the fire prevention works, fire risk assessment and prevention practice are quite necessary. On the basis of combing the concept and basic methods of urban fire risk assessment, this paper puts forward the urban area characteristics, architectural features, fire load and other factors affecting the fire risk, and constructs a model of the urban fire risk assessment. Taking Xiamen as an example, this paper evaluates the fire risk of Xiamen by ArcGIS software, and comprehensively evaluates the urban firefighting capacity from the fire station accessibility, the cross response, the level of covering fire risk and Fire key unit coverage, so as to optimize the layout of the fire station and the management strategy in the key areas.

关 键 词：多源数据 火灾 风险评估 防御能力 空间分析 布局优化 厦门 

分 类 号：X45[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X913.4