“底层文化资本”再审视  

A Re-inspection on Cultural Capital of Underclass

作　　者：程猛 吕雨欣 杨扬[3] CHENG Meng;LV Yu-xin;YANG Yang(School of Public Policy & Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;Institute of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学教育研究院,北京100084 [3]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（教育科学版）》2018年第4期52-59,共8页Journal of Soochow University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"当代中国农家子弟的阶层旅行与文化生产研究"(项目编号:18CSH013)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：无论是布迪厄的文化资本理论、伯恩斯坦的符码理论抑或是拉鲁关于不同阶层教养方式的论述,都倾向于认为社会底层的文化实践与公共教育机构扞格不入。伯恩斯坦和拉鲁对不同阶层语言编码、教养方式的区分以及作为理论补丁的剩余性观念为我们思索文化资本是否也有阶层之别提供了想象的空间。底层文化资本,即先赋性动力、道德化思维、学校化的心性品质,是一套底层子弟通往高学业成就的独特性情系统,也是布迪厄所言的惯习或身体形态的文化资本。这证实文化资本并非均质化的存在。在特定制度情境下,底层文化资本可以大放异彩。但不容忽视的是,极端苦修必然伴随极端的片面发展,底层文化资本的暗面有待进一步讨论。That cultural practice of underclass can hardly fit into public education systems is the inclination commonly presented in the theories of Bourdieu,Bernstein and Lareau.The differentiation of language codes and parenting styles of different social classes in the theories of Bernstein and Lareau and the leftover concept,as their theory patch,facilitate our reflection on the difference of cultural capitals within different classes.The cultural capital of underclass,which contains inherent impetus,moralized thinking and school-based mind,is a system of special dispositions leading to high academic achievements for underclass students and embodied state of cultural capital in Bourdieu’s culture capital theory.Therefore,it can be found that cultural capital is not homogenized.Under specific systematic contexts,cultural capital of underclass can play an extraordinary role.Nonetheless,it can not be neglected that extreme self-torture will be inevitably followed by extremely lopsided development and the dark side of cultural capital of underclass is yet to be explored.

关 键 词：底层文化资本 文化资本理论 惯习 文化缺陷论 辩证法 

分 类 号：G40-052[文化科学—教育学原理]