鲫听觉特性研究  

Auditory sensitivity in crucian carp Carassius auratus Linnaeus

作　　者：王羿宁 于江南 庄鑫 李泓泉 刘宏超 于晓明 李敬尧 张国胜 WANG Yi-ning;YU Jiang-nan;ZHUANG Xin;LI Hong-quan;LIU Hong-chao;YU Xiao-ming;LI Jing-yao;ZHANG Guo-sheng(College of Marine Science and Technology,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Center for Marine Ranching Engineering Science Research of Liaoning Province,Marine Ranching Sub-society of China Society of Fisheries,Dalian 116023,China;China National Fisheries Corporation,Beijing 100160,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]辽宁省海洋牧场工程技术研究中心,中国水产学会海洋牧场研究会,辽宁大连116023 [3]中国水产有限公司,北京100160

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2018年第6期775-781,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2015103021);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD23B02).

摘　　要：为了解鱼类的听觉特性,以鲫Carassius auratus Linnaeus为研究对象,利用心电图(ECG)法和听觉脑干反应(ABR)法分别研究了体质量为262. 6～321. 8 g鲫的听觉阈值,通过在鱼体内插入电极,分别记录20尾鲫的心电图信号和听觉诱发电位,绘制出听力曲线,并分析比较了两种电生理听觉阈值测定方法的优缺点和准确性。结果表明:采用ECG法测得鲫听觉敏感频率范围为300～1000 Hz,最敏感频率为800 Hz,对应的听觉阈值为(70. 00±0. 55) d B;采用ABR法测得鲫听觉敏感频率范围与ECG法相近,最敏感频率相同,但对应的听觉阈值为(76. 00±0. 50) d B,采用ABR法所测数值略高于ECG法,总体相差约为(3. 50±0. 75) d B,在统计学上无显著性差异(P>0. 05)。研究表明,ABR法操作简便,数据精确,但对环境要求较ECG法更高,本研究结果可为了解中国淡水鱼类的听觉特性,以及发展淡水音响驯化型牧场建设提供参考和数据支持。The auditory threshold was measured by electrocardiogram(ECG)and auditory brainstem(ABR)methods,and the electrocardiogram and auditory evoked potential were recorded in20individuals in crucian carp Carassius auratus Linnaeus by inserting into the body and subcutaneous recording electrode,with hearing curve,to investigate the auditory characteristics of crucian carp.It was found that the range of auditory sensitive frequency was ranged from 300Hz to1000Hz,with the most sensitive frequency of 800Hz,and the corresponding hearing threshold of(70.00±0.55)dB.The crucian carp had the similar range of auditory sensitivity to that measured by ECG,with the same most sensitive frequency,and the slightly higher corresponding hearing threshold of(76.00±0.50)dB,without significant difference(only3.5±0.75)dB(P>0.05).The comparison of the two electrophysiological auditory threshold determination methods revealed that ABR method is characterized by easy operation,high accuracy,and higher condition requirement than that in ECG method.The findings provide reference with understanding of acoustic characteristics of freshwater fishes in China,and with data support of development of freshwater ranching farm construction by acoustics acclimatization.

关 键 词：鲫 听觉特性 心电图 听觉脑干反应 听力曲线 

分 类 号：S973.9[农业科学—捕捞与储运]