语义原词和“心”  

Semantic Primitives and "Heart"

作　　者：李德高[1] 许锦民[2] 张积家[3] LI Degao;XU Jinmin;ZHANG Jijia(School of Translation Studies,Qufu Normal University,Qufu,Shandong 276826,China;Guangdong Peizheng College,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510830,China;Department of Psychology,Renmin University of China,Beijing 10086,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学翻译学院,山东日照276826 [2]广东培正学院人文系,广东广州510830 [3]中国人民大学心理学系,北京100872

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第1期81-85,共5页Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BYY016);北京市社会科学基金项目(16YYB024)

摘　　要：依据NSM理论对汉语中有关"心"的字词分析发现,知晓、思虑、欲望和情感4个表示心理活动的语义原词有机地体现在具体语言形式中:"心"、"心"部首字以及二者所参与构成的词语,它们或者表达这些语义原词的本义,或者表达这些语义原词之间的逻辑关系,或者以隐喻的形式承载着这些语义原词,体现了汉语思维的整体性和意向性特点;与"心"有关的相关字词的语义结构反映了心理活动与魂、魄、天、地、鬼、神等想象中的概念形象密不可分的特点,体现了心范畴的神秘色彩。汉语心范畴还有丰富的道德内涵。We tried to see a view of the"mind"in the lexicon of cognition in Chinese.According to NSM(Natural Semantic Metalanguage),we analyzed the semantic network formed by the Chinese character for heart(CH),Chinese characters with CH as the heading part(CHHs),and words or fixed expressions in which CH or a CHH was a component character.The results are as follows.The four semantic primitives of knowing,thinking,wanting,and feeling are integrated in specific expressions.Words or fixed expressions convey the logical relations of semantic primitives,or semantic primitives are embedded in words or expressions by means of metaphors,revealing the holistic and intentional mode of thinking in Chinese.Furthermore,mental activities are integrated with imagined concepts or figures of super power,and the concept of mind has a strong dimension of morality.

关 键 词：心 心部首字 语义原词 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]