Contribution of ghrelin to functional gastrointestinal disorders' pathogenesis  

作　　者：Tilemachos Koutouratsas Theodora Kalli Georgios Karamanolis Maria Gazouli 

机构地区：[1]Department of Basic Medical Science, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Athens [2]Gastroenterology Department, Larnaca General Hospital [3]Gastroenterology Unit, 2nd Department of Surgery, "Aretaieio"University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens

出　　处：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》2019年第5期539-551,共13页世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）

摘　　要：Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGID) are heterogeneous disorders with a variety of clinical manifestations, primarily defined by signs and symptoms rather than a definite underlying cause. Their pathophysiology remains obscure and, although it is expected to differ according to the specific FGID, disruptions in the brain-gut axis are now thought to be a common denominator in their pathogenesis. The hormone ghrelin is an important component of this axis,exerting a wide repertoire of physiological actions, including regulation of gastrointestinal motility and protection of mucosal tissue. Ghrelin's gene shows genetic polymorphism, while its protein product undergoes complex regulation and metabolism in the human body. Numerous studies have studied ghrelin's relation to the emergence of FGIDs, its potential value as an index of disease severity and as a predictive marker for symptom relief during attempted treatment. Despite the mixed results currently available in scientific literature, the plethora of statistically significant findings shows that disruptions in ghrelin genetics and expression are plausibly related to FGID pathogenesis. The aim of this paper is to review current literature studying these associations, in an effort to uncover certain patterns of alterations in both genetics and expression, which could delineate its true contribution to FGID emergence, either as a causative agent or as a pathogenetic intermediate.Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGID) are heterogeneous disorders with a variety of clinical manifestations, primarily defined by signs and symptoms rather than a definite underlying cause. Their pathophysiology remains obscure and, although it is expected to differ according to the specific FGID, disruptions in the brain-gut axis are now thought to be a common denominator in their pathogenesis. The hormone ghrelin is an important component of this axis,exerting a wide repertoire of physiological actions, including regulation of gastrointestinal motility and protection of mucosal tissue. Ghrelin's gene shows genetic polymorphism, while its protein product undergoes complex regulation and metabolism in the human body. Numerous studies have studied ghrelin's relation to the emergence of FGIDs, its potential value as an index of disease severity and as a predictive marker for symptom relief during attempted treatment. Despite the mixed results currently available in scientific literature, the plethora of statistically significant findings shows that disruptions in ghrelin genetics and expression are plausibly related to FGID pathogenesis. The aim of this paper is to review current literature studying these associations, in an effort to uncover certain patterns of alterations in both genetics and expression, which could delineate its true contribution to FGID emergence, either as a causative agent or as a pathogenetic intermediate.

关 键 词：FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL disorders FUNCTIONAL colonic diseases IRRITABLE bowel SYNDROME Cyclic vomiting SYNDROME Infantile COLIC GASTROINTESTINAL disease GHRELIN Genetics Epigenetic processes 

分 类 号：R57[医药卫生—消化系统]