青贮艾草对肉牛生长性能、胴体品质及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响  

Effects of supplementation of different levels of wormwood silage on growth performance,carcass traits and muscle fatty acid composition of beef

作　　者：李平[1] 孙玉龙[1] 廖吉林[1] LI Ping;SUN Yulong;LIAO Jilin(Dazhou Vocational and Technial College,Sichuan Dazhou,Sichuan Province 635000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川达州职业技术学院,四川达州635000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2019年第4期31-35,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：文章旨在研究育肥期肉牛日粮中添加不同水平的青贮艾草对生长性能、胴体品质及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。试验选择15月龄平均体重为(326±22)kg的肉牛24头,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头牛。试验分为育肥前期和育肥后期两个阶段,对照组饲喂基础日粮+水稻秸秆,试验组在基础日粮中分别补充5%、10%和15%的青贮艾草,两个阶段精料补充料干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、脂肪酸组成及主要脂肪酸含量相近。结果 :精料摄入量随日粮青贮艾草添加水平的升高表现为显著二次曲线效应(P <0.05);随着日粮艾草添加水平的升高,肉牛末重和平均日增重表现为显著二次曲线效应(P <0.05),而料比线性降低(P <0.05)。牛的屠体重、眼肌面积和大理石纹评分随日粮青贮艾草添加水平的升高表现为显著二次曲线效应(P <0.05),而背膘厚度表现为显著二次曲线降低(P <0.05)。眼肌C18:0、C18:1和单不饱和脂肪酸含量显著线性降低(P <0.05),亚麻油酸、C18:3、C20:4、C22:0和C24:1脂肪酸含量显著线性降低(P <0.05),多不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸比值表现为显著二次曲线增加(P <0.05)。结论 :日粮青贮艾草添加水平对肉牛生长性能、肌肉脂肪酸含量的影响表现为二次曲线效应,但高水平青贮艾草降低了肉牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质。肉牛育肥期日粮中适宜的青贮艾草添加水平为10%。This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementation of different levels of wormwood silage on growth performance,carcass traits and muscle fatty acid composition of beef.A total of 24 beef with the average body weight 326±22 kg were allotted to 4 groups with 6 replicates of 1 beef.The control fed with the basal diets addition of rich straw,and the treatments fed with the basal diets addition of 5%,10%nd 15%wormwood silage.Results showed that feed intake,final body weight and average daily weight gain increased quadratically(P<0.05),while feed convention ratio decreased(P<0.05).There was a quadratic increase in carcass weight,longissimus muscle area and marbling score with increasing wormwood silage(P<0.05),whereas,the backfat thickness decreased quadratically(P<0.05).As the level of wormwood increased,concentrations of C18:0,C18:1,and monounsaturated fatty acid in longissimus muscle decreased linearly(P<0.05),concentrations of C18:3,C20:4,C22:0,and C24:1 increased linearly(P<0.05),and polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration and the polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio increased quadratically(P<0.05).Dietary supplementation of wormwood silage had positive quadratic effects on growth performance and muscle fatty acid composition.However,the high level of wormwood silage inclusion reduced or did not further increase performance,carcass grade,and meat quality.The optimal level of substitution of wormwood silage was 10%.

关 键 词：肉牛 青贮艾草 生长性能 胴体品质 脂肪酸组成 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]