云贵高原气溶胶分布的区域与气候特征  

Regional Climatology of Aerosol Distribution over Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

作　　者：廖瑶 杨富燕 罗宇翔 赵天良[3] 尚媛媛 郑小波[1] LIAO Yao;YANG Fuyan;LUO Yuxiang;ZHAO Tianliang;SHANG Yuanyuan;ZHENG Xiaobo(Guizhou Institute of Mountainous Climate and Environment/Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resource,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Dongfang Century Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550000,China;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of ChinaMeteorological Administration,Nanjing 210044,China;Guizhou Meteorological Service Center,Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地环境气候研究所/贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [2]贵州东方世纪科技股份有限公司,贵州贵阳550000 [3]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点开放实验室,江苏南京210044 [4]贵州省气象服务中心,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2019年第2期316-323,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(91544109);贵州省高层次创新人才培养([黔科合人才(2016)]4026号);贵州省气象局青年基金项目(黔气科合QN[2017]06)

摘　　要：云贵高原地形地貌复杂,探讨其气溶胶区域分布的时空差异性,对不同区域科学制定生态文明建设政策具有重要意义。利用2001年以来的MODIS 3 km分辨率气溶胶光学厚度数据,综合运用空间插值、趋势分析等方法探讨了云贵高原2001-2016年气溶胶光学厚度的区域分布和气候特征。结果表明,较高分辨率的3 km气溶胶数据显示出高原气溶胶的不同梯度空间分布和时间变化特征。以乌蒙山脉为界,高原多年平均AOD空间分布呈东高西低的分布特征,其中东部年平均AOD约为0.32,西部约为0.13。年平均AOD高值区(>0.6)位于贵州省与四川盆地相邻的北部(包括遵义市、铜仁市)、与广西毗邻的东南部,以及省会城市贵州贵阳和云南昆明;高值区分布主要受人类活动、区域传输和地形所影响。季节平均表明,云贵高原东西部AOD高值的出现季节不完全同步,高原东部春季和冬季最高,高原西部春季最高,冬季最低。从相邻的两个强弱季风年来看,其与常年距平的反相位分布可能反映季风强度对气溶胶年际变化的影响。变化趋势上,高原年平均AOD呈现下降趋势,下降趋势率为-0.021/10a,但其中2001-2011年期间为波动上升,2011-2016年呈现显著下降,下降趋势率为-0.33/10a。高原东西部年AOD下降的速率有较大区别,高原东部的下降幅度明显大于西部,下降趋势率分别为-0.059/10a和-0.003/10a。Due to the complex topography of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau(YGP),the spatiotemporal differences of aerosol regional distribution are worthy of discussion,which is of great significance for the ecological civilization in different regions.By using spatial interpolation and trend analysis methods,the aerosol optical depth(AOD)regional distribution and climatic characteristics of YGP from 2001 to 2016 were analyzed with MODIS AOD data in 3 km resolution.The AOD data in fine resolution of 3 km aerosol indicated the different characteristics of spatial gradient distribution and temporal variations of aerosol distribution over the plateau.Taking Wumeng Mountains as the boundary of YGP,the annually averaged AOD spatial distribution over the plateau showed a"high in the East and low in the west"pattern,with the annual AOD average of 0.32 in the east and 0.13 in the west.The high value area of annual AOD average(>0.6)was located in the north of Guizhou province adjacent to Sichuan Basin(including Zunyi and Tongren),the southeast adjacent to Guangxi province,Guiyang and Kunming.The distribution of high value area was mainly affected by human activities,regional transport and topography.Over the past 16 years,the annual AOD averages over the YGP presented a downward trend,with a downward trend rate of.0.021/10a,with fluctuation rising from 2001 to 2011 and a significant decrease from 2011 to 2016(the rate is.0.33/10a).The decline rate of AOD in eastern and western YGP was quite different,and the descending value in the eastern YGP was obviously higher than that in the western,with the change rates of.0.059/10a and.0.003/10a,respectively.

关 键 词：大气气溶胶光学厚度 云贵高原 MODIS 乌蒙山脉 气候特征 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]