曲线钢轨打磨对波磨的控制及效果研究  

Corrugation Control and Effect Study of Curve Rail Grinding

作　　者：马德礼 MA Deli

机构地区：[1]中铁物轨道科技服务集团有限公司,北京100036

出　　处：《铁道技术监督》2019年第3期23-27,共5页Railway Quality Control

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目(2017G003-A)

摘　　要：随着我国重载和高速铁路的发展,钢轨波磨问题日益突出。选取2条半径为300 m的曲线为观测对象,分析钢轨打磨前后钢轨波磨的波长和波深。基于C_70型铁路货车,在多体动力学软件中建立车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,研究钢轨打磨前后轮轨动力学性能及振动加速度的变化。结果表明:钢轨打磨不会改变波磨波长,但能有效减小波深幅值,甚至完全消除波磨;波磨有残留时其波深幅值会在波长不变的情况下继续增加,而完全消除波磨区域仍会在一定时间后继续出现波磨,但波长会发生变化;钢轨打磨能明显降低机车车辆的轮轨作用力和振动加速度,波深幅值由0.78 mm降至0.12 mm后,重车和空车的轮轨垂向力分别降低23.7%和21.9%,对应的轨枕最大垂向振动加速度分别降低78.4%和81.1%。With a view to the development of China's heavy-haul and high-speed train, rail waveform weaming has become an increasingly prominent problem. By taking two curves with a radius of 300 rn as the observation objects, the article analyses the wave length and depth of convolution of rail corrugation before and after rail grinding. Based on a C70 railway wagon, by establishing a vehiclerail coupling dynamics model in the multibody dynamics software, the article studies the wheel track dynamics performance and the vibration acceleration changes before and after rail grinding. The result indicates that: rail grinding does not change the wave length of rail corrugation, but can effectively reduce the amplitude value for the depth of convolution , or even eliminating rail waveform weaming completely. In case of residual corrugation, its amplitude value for the depth of convolution keeps increasing based on the unchanged wave length. However, waveform weaming occurs again after a certain period in a section where it is completely eliminated, but with the wave length changed. Rail grinding can remarkably reduce the acting force and vibration acceleration of wheel-rail of rolling stock. After the amplitude value for the depth of convolution drops to 0.12 mm from 0.78 mm, the vertical force of wheel-rail for heavy-haul and empty train drop separately by 23.7% and 21.9%. The maximum vertical vibration accelerations of corresponding sleepers drop separately by 78.4% and 81.1%.

关 键 词：小半径曲线 钢轨磨耗 波形磨耗 钢轨打磨 波深 波长 轮轨动力学 振动加速度 

分 类 号：U213.45[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]