汽车钢板弹簧动力学建模及应用研究  

Dynamic Modeling and Application Research of Automobile Leaf Springs

作　　者：杨超 刘夫云[1] 赵亮亮[1] 王秋花 张秋峰 YANG Chao;LIU Fuyun;ZHAO Liangliang;WANG Qiuhua;ZHANG Qiufeng(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541000, Guangxi China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学机电工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2019年第2期122-127,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发资助项目(桂科AC16380078);桂林市科学研究与技术开发资助项目(20170104-1)

摘　　要：针对传统的钢板弹簧动力学模型在整车平顺性仿真分析时存在的仿真精度低、未考虑运动特性等问题,开展钢板弹簧的动态特性对整车平顺性影响的研究。根据运动学理论,推导钢板弹簧的运动学特性计算公式,并分析钢板弹簧的运动特性对其弹性恢复力和阻尼力的影响;利用Hyper Mesh和ANSYS建立钢板弹簧的三维有限元模型,并将该模型导入基于ADAMS建立的整车动力学模型。对整车动力学模型进行平顺性仿真分析,结果表明:采用钢板弹簧模型与减震器模型的整车平顺性仿真结果与实车测试结果的最大误差分别为14.67%、30.48%;所建立的钢板弹簧模型与单纯将钢板弹簧简化为具有静刚度和阻尼的减震器模型相比,其平顺性仿真结果与实际更为接近。In traditional leaf spring dynamic modeling, the leaf spring is simplified as a shock absorber which only possesses static stiffness and damping with its dynamic characteristics ignored. So, the accuracy of vehicle ride comfort simulation analysis based on this model is low. In this paper, the influence of the dynamic characteristics of the leaf spring on the ride comfort of the whole vehicle is studied. According to the theory of kinematics, the kinematic formula of the leaf spring is deduced, and the influence of the kinematic characteristics of the leaf spring on its elastic restoring force and damping force is analyzed. A three-dimensional finite element model of the leaf spring is established using Hyper Mesh and ANSYS, and this model is introduced into the vehicle dynamics model by means of ADAMS. The ride comfort analysis of the vehicle dynamics model shows that the maximum errors of the vehicle ride comfort simulation results by using the leaf spring model and using the shock absorber model are 14.67 % and 30.48 % respectively in comparison with the actual vehicle test results. So, results of the model of leaf spring established in this paper are closer to the actual vehicle test results than that of the shock absorber model.

关 键 词：振动与波 钢板弹簧 运动特性 动力学模型 随机路面 平顺性 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程]