挖掘机实际挖掘仿真及动臂结构改进  

Actual Excavation Simulation of Excavator and Improvement of Boom Structure

作　　者：蔡立 贾春玉[1] 刘伟[1] CAI Li;JIA Chun-yu;LIU Wei(School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Hebei Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学机械工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2019年第4期51-54,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

摘　　要：挖掘机作为重要的工程机械,广泛的应用于各个领域,在土石方工程中起着举足轻重的作用。工作装置是挖掘机的重要组成部分,直接参与挖掘工作,其结构的强度、刚度对挖掘机整体性能有着重要的影响。采用ANSYS软件中APDL语言建立有限元模型,将阻力系向切削刃合成,运用雅克比矩阵法建立挖掘机阻力计算模型,将计算结果施加到有限元模型上模拟实际挖掘过程中载荷,同时与实际应力测试结果对比,验证该方法的正确性,在不同工况下对挖掘机有限元模型进行分析,选出最危险工况,对受力最大部件动臂进行结构改进,改进后整体结构最大应力减少46.9%。As an important engineering machine, excavator is widely used in various fields and plays a vital role in the cubic metro engineering. Working device is an important part of excavator and directly involved in the mining work. Structure strength and stiffness of excavator have great effect on its overall performance. Adopting APDL language in ANSYS software to establish the finite element model, the resistance is made to the cutting edge. The digging resistance calculation model is set up by using Jacobi matrix and the calculation results was applied to the finite element model to simulate the actual mining process load. At the same time, we compare it with the actual stress test results and verify the correctness of this method. The finite element model of excavator is analyzed under different working conditions to choose the most dangerous working conditions and improve structure of the largest stress components derrick. After the improvement, the overall structural maximum stress reduced by 46.9%.

关 键 词：挖掘阻力 雅可比矩阵法 动臂 结构改进 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH114