效率与公平视角下的应急公交接驳调度优化  

Optimizing a Bus Bridging Strategy Considering Efficiency and Equity

作　　者：郑玉靖 古玮 暨育雄[1] 张红军[1] ZHENG Yu-jing;GU Wei;JI Yu-xiong;ZHANG Hong-jun(Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2019年第2期94-101,共8页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71361130013);上海市科委科研计划项目(17DZ1204404)~~

摘　　要：城市地铁突发故障后,需要采用高效的应急公交接驳方法疏散滞留乘客,减小社会和经济损失.建立两阶段优化模型,对每辆车从存车点出发后依次前往各站运输乘客的接驳过程进行决策.阶段1,从管理部门角度最小化疏散时间;阶段2,在此基础上,从乘客角度降低乘客延误,优化目标分别考虑了效率与公平原则.由于现有优化软件求解阶段2效率过低,构造了针对性的禁忌搜索(TS)算法提高求解速度.最终通过算例验证了算法和模型的可行性,对比了效率与公平原则下的疏散效果,展示了两者的权衡关系:效率原则可能导致乘客服务水平不均;而公平原则提供了更均衡的疏散服务,但系统延误相对更高.Efficient bus bridging strategy during metro disruptions is needed to evacuate passengers to reduce the social and economic loss. We propose a two-stage model to assign each bus a bridging plan that lists the stations to visit in sequence since it is dispatched from the depot. Stage I is to minimize the evacuation time from the view of managers, while stage II is to reduce the passenger delay from the view of passengers. Two objectives, reflecting efficiency and equity respectively, are considered in stage II. Since the deficiency of existing commercial software in solving stage II, a modified Tabu Search (TS) algorithm is developed to improve the computation speed. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the practicability of the algorithm and the model. Also, we discuss the trade-off between efficiency and equity by comparing the results: considering efficiency could lead to polarized results, while considering equity provides a more balanced service at the cost of increasing the delay for the whole system.

关 键 词：城市交通 公交接驳 两阶段模型 禁忌搜索 效率与公平 

分 类 号：U492[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]