实施早期预防性侵犯教育的必要性及其实验效果  

Evaluation on Sexual Abuse Prevention Education for Preschoolers

作　　者：张文静[1,2] 邓丽芳[3] Wenjing Zhang;Lifang Deng(Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences,Beijing 100045 China;Institute of Child and Adolescent Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191 China;School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beihang University,Beijing 100191 China)

机构地区：[1]北京教育科学研究院,北京100045 [2]北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京100191 [3]北京航空航天大学人文社会科学学院,北京100191

出　　处：《学前教育研究》2019年第4期45-56,共12页Studies in Early Childhood Education

基　　金：国家社科基金"十三五"规划教育学项目"互联网+背景下家校合作开展性健康教育研究"(批准号:BLA170223)

摘　　要：性侵犯严重威胁儿童身心健康,受害儿童中约有25%～35%是幼儿,因此在幼儿期开始预防教育非常重要。本研究在北京选取92名幼儿,以班为单位,随机分为教育组(N=44)和对照组(N=48),使用中国版《个人安全手册》,教授幼儿预防知识和技能,如认识隐私部位,辨别安全和不安全身体接触,面对不安全接触说"不"、快跑、向信任的人披露性侵犯事件。在连续教育5天后,教育组幼儿预防知识和技能水平显著提高,且保持了3～5个月。幼儿园应使用具体形象和游戏化教育材料,采用以行为规则为主的方法开展幼儿预防性侵犯教育,同时积极开展教师培训和家校合作,提高教师与家长的预防知识和能力。Child sexual abuse is a serious threat to the physical and mental health of children, and about 25%~35% of victims are preschool-aged children. So, it is very important to start education from preschool-aged children. This study was conducted among 92 preschoolers in Beijing, and they were randomly assigned to either the education group(N=44) or the wait-list control group(N=48), using the class as a unit. The researcher utilized Chinese version Body Safe Training, and taught preschoolers prevention knowledge and skills, such as recognizing the location of the “private parts”, differentiating between safe and unsafe touching, in the unsafe situations, saying “No!”, running and telling the trusted persons about the abused incident. After five consecutive days’ education, trained preschoolers had significantly higher levels of prevention knowledge and skills, and kept for 3~5 months. Concrete image and game oriented educational materials, and behavioral perspective teaching method should be used to carry out prevention education in preschool. Meanwhile, in order to improve teachers and parents’ prevention knowledge and ability, teachers training and home-school cooperation should be developed.

关 键 词：预防性侵犯教育 假装游戏 效果评价 

分 类 号：G617[文化科学—学前教育学]