幼儿家庭教育的社区支持指标体系:构建与应用  

Community Support Indicator System for Preschool Children's Family Education:Construction and Application

作　　者：李晓巍[1] 刘倩倩 王梦柯 LI Xiao-wei;LIU Qian-qian;WANG Meng-ke(Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《教育学报》2019年第2期66-76,共11页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"全面二孩政策下城市地区0~3岁婴幼儿托育服务体系研究"(项目编号:17ZDA123)成果

摘　　要：作为影响幼儿及其家庭的重要外部环境,社区支持可以有效解决家庭育儿功能弱化的问题。为充分发挥社区对幼儿家庭教育的支持作用,需构建系统科学的指标体系,以明确社区支持的内容、现状与发展方向。以六领域三层次体系为理论框架,基于国际大型项目的经验,初步构建幼儿家庭教育的社区支持指标体系,并运用德尔菲法对各项指标进行三次修订,形成包含6个一级指标、13个二级指标、26个三级指标的幼儿家庭教育的社区支持指标体系。基于修订后的指标体系编制调查问卷,以1 237位幼儿家长为被试调查幼儿家庭教育社区支持的现状,结果发现:社区总体支持状况差,各领域支持不均衡,表现为在物质环境方面支持最为充足,在文化娱乐方面支持最为匮乏。为完善幼儿家庭教育的社区支持,政府需要完善社区支持制度与经费保障机制;社区需要加强重视,丰富支持内容与形式;管理部门需要对社区支持状况加强评估与监测。As the most intimate external environment for preschool children and their families, community support can effectively address the weakness of family function. In order to effectively exert the community support for preschool children’s family education, it is necessary to build a systematic and scientific indicator system to clarify the content, status quo and development direction of community support. Based on the experience of international projects and the theoretical framework of the six-field and three-level system, the community support indicator system for preschool children’s family education was preliminarily constructed. The Delphi method was used to modify the indicators to form 6 primary indicators, 13 secondary indicators and 26 third-level indicators. Based on the revised index system, the parents of 1237 preschool children in China were used to study the status of community support for preschool children’s family education. It was found that the overall support of the community was poor and the support in various fields was not balanced, with the most sufficient support in physical environment but least in culture and entertainment. In order to improve the community support for preschool children’s family education, the government needs to establish institutional and financial guarantee mechanisms. The community should attach importance to preschool children and enrich the content and form of support. The monitoring department should enhance the evaluation and the monitoring of the community support.

关 键 词：社区支持 幼儿家庭教育 指标体系 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学]