3个水稻不透明胚乳突变体淀粉理化性质分析  

Seed morphological and starch physicochemical properties of three opaque endosperm mutants in rice

作　　者：张龙[1] 赵玲珑 王婷[1] 郭可 韦存虚[1] ZHANG Long;ZHAO Linglong;WANG Ting;GUO Ke;WEI Cunxu(Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/ Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/ College of Biosicence and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学生物科学与技术学院/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2019年第2期1-8,共8页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20160461);国家博士后特别资助项目(2018T110561);江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201811117097X)

摘　　要：构建水稻突变体库并从中筛选到3个胚乳突变体M16、M35和M72。对这3个突变体的籽粒表也及淀粉特件进行分析。结果表明:M35和M72籽粒表现为淀粉颗粒排列松散的粉质胚乳。M16则表现为淀粉颗粒中心冇空腔的蜡质胚乳。3个突变体中直链淀粉含量较野生型显著下降。3个突变体和野生型也均为A型淀粉。与野生型淀粉相比。M35和M72淀粉有较低的相对结晶度。M16淀粉则有更高的相对结晶度。在95℃下。M72淀粉具有最低的膨胀势和最高的水溶件。M16淀粉具有般高的膨胀势和最低的水溶性。3个突变体的淀粉均具有较低的糊化峰值温度、峰值黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度和消减值。体外消化表明。3个突变体的原淀粉具有较高的快速消化淀粉和较低的抗件淀粉。在回生淀粉中3种突变体具有更高的抗性淀粉。Three rice endosperm mutants M16, M35 and M72 were generated from a japonica rice cultivar Kitaake through gamma irradiation. In this study, we characterized the three mutants and analyzed their starch properties. Both M35 and M72 showed a floury endosperm with loosely arranged starch granules, and M16 had a waxy endosperm with the cavity in the center of starch granules,Three mutants had low apparent amylose contents in this order, M72(ll.6%)> M35 (9.4%)>M16 (1.3%). Three mutants and wild type had A-type starch, but the M35 and M72 starches had lower relative crystallinities than wild type starch, while the M16 starch exhibited higher relative crystallinity than wild type starch. The M72 starch had the lowest swelling power and highest water solubility, and the M16 starch had the highest swelling power and lowest water solubility at 95℃. The starches of three mutants had lower gelatinization peak temperature and peak, hot, final, setback viscosity than wild type. In vitro digestion showed that the native starches of three mutants had higher rapidly digestible starch and lower resistant starch than wild type starch. In the retrograded starches, three mutants had higher resistant starch than wild type.

关 键 词：水稻 胚乳突变体 淀粉 结构特件 功能特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]