5种光色环境对欧洲舌齿鲈营养品质的影响  

Effects of Five Kinds of Light Color Environments on Nutritional Quality of Dicentrarchus labrax

作　　者：费凡 任纪龙 代明允 魏平平 马贺 高东奎[1,2] 宋昌斌 陈涛[4] 刘鹰 FEI Fan;REN Jilong;DAI Mingyun;WEI Pingping;MA He;GAO Dongkui;SONG Changbin;CHEN Tao;LIU Ying(Aquacultural Engineering R& D Center,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Liaoning Aquaculture Facilities and Equipment Engineering Research Center,Dalian 116023,China;Institute of Semiconductors,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100083,China;Shenzhen Led Cooler Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,China;Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产设施养殖与装备工程研究中心,大连116023 [2]辽宁省水产设施养殖与装备工程研究中心,大连116023 [3]中国科学院半导体研究所,北京100083 [4]深圳市超频三科技股份有限公司,深圳518000 [5]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,青岛266000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第5期2431-2441,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0404000)

摘　　要：为了解不同光色(全光谱光、蓝光、绿光、黄光、红光)环境对欧洲舌齿鲈(Dicentrarchus labrax)营养品质的影响,对欧洲舌齿鲈幼鱼[体质量为(29. 91±0. 39) g、体长为(13. 78±0.35) cm)]在不同光色环境下进行为期50 d的养殖试验。试验设全光谱光组、蓝色组、绿色组、黄色组、红色组,每组设置4个重复,每个重复30尾欧洲舌齿鲈幼鱼。采用国家标准方法对各组欧洲舌齿鲈全鱼和肌肉常规营养成分含量以及肌肉氨基酸与脂肪酸组成进行测定,并对肌肉营养品质进行分析。结果表明:1)绿光组全鱼及肌肉的粗脂肪含量均显著高于其他4组(P<0.05),但各组全鱼及肌肉水分、粗蛋白质、粗灰分含量均差异不显著(P>0.05)。2) 5种光色环境下欧洲舌齿鲈肌肉中均检测到18种氨基酸,其中绿光组7种氨基酸(天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸)以及总氨基酸、必需氨基酸及非必需氨基酸的含量均显著高于全光谱光组、黄光组和红光组(P<0.05),而略高于蓝光组(P>0.05)。3)根据氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS),欧洲舌齿鲈肌肉中含有丰富的赖氨酸,欧洲舌齿鲈必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)由高至低依次为绿光组、蓝光组、全光谱光组、黄光组、红光组。4) 5种光色环境下欧洲舌齿鲈肌肉脂肪酸组成类似,均检测出16种脂肪酸,其中绿光组欧洲舌齿鲈肌肉中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的含量均显著高于黄光组和红光组(P<0.05),而单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)的含量在各组间均差异不显著(P> 0. 05);肌肉中C22∶6n-3(DHA)、C20∶5n-3(EPA)以及EPA+DHA含量均以绿光组最高,黄光组最低。由此可见,不同光色环境对欧洲舌齿鲈营养组成及比例产生了一定的影响,相对而言,绿光环境更适合欧洲舌齿鲈的养殖。In order to understand the effects of five kinds of light color(full spectrum light,blue light,green light,yellow light and red light)environments on the nutritional quality of Dicentrarchus labrax,juvenile Dicentrarchus labrax[body weight:(29.91±0.39)g;body length:(13.78±0.35)cm]were cultured in different kinds of light color environments for 50 d in this study.There were 5 groups in the experiment,they were full spectrum light,blue light,green light,yellow light and red light groups,respectively,and each group had 4 replicates and each replicate cultured 30 juvenile Dicentrarchus labrax.The common nutritional component contents in whole body and muscle and the composition of amino acids and fatty acids in muscle of Dicentrarchus labrax were determined by adopting national standard methods,and the nutritional quality of muscle was analyzed.The results showed as follows:1)crude lipid content in whole body and muscle of green light group was significantly higher than that of other four groups(P<0.05),while moisture,crude protein and ash contents in whole body and muscle had no significant differences among five groups(P>0.05).2)All 18 kinds of amino acids were detected in the muscle of Dicentrarchus labrax under five kinds of light color environments,among which the contents of 7 kinds of amino acids[aspartic acid(Asp),glutamic acid(Glu),glycine(Gly),alanine(Ala),phenylalanine(Phe),tyrosine(Tyr)and arginine(Arg)],total amino acids(TAA),essential amino acids(EAA)and half essential amino acids(HEAA)in green light group were significantly higher than those in full spectrum light,yellow light and red light groups(P<0.05),and slightly higher than those in blue light group(P>0.05).3)According to the amino acid score(AAS)and chemical score(CS),the lysine(Lys)content in the muscle of Dicentrarchus labrax was relative abundant,and Dicentrarchus labrax in green light group exhibited a highest essential amino acid index(EAAI),followed by the blue light,full spectrum light,yellow light and red light groups from high to low.

关 键 词：欧洲舌齿鲈 光色 氨基酸 脂肪酸 营养成分 品质评价 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]