辽宁省中学生自尊与移情在孤独感与网络欺凌间的中介作用  

Mediating effect of self-esteem and empathy on the relationship between loneliness and cyber-bulling in middle and high school students in Liaoning Province

作　　者：张珊珊[1] 张野[1] 苑波[1] Zhang Shanshan;Zhang Ye;Yuan Bo(College of Education Science,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学教育科学学院,沈阳110034

出　　处：《卫生研究》2019年第3期446-451,457,共7页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：全国教育科学规划教育部青年课题(No.EBA170488)

摘　　要：目的了解中学生自尊、移情、孤独感与网络欺凌的关系。方法于2017年3—5月采取方便抽样法,调查辽宁省沈阳市、朝阳市、营口市和盘锦市的961名初一至高三中学生(12～18岁),其中男生446人,女生515人,初中生512人,高中生449人。采用中学生网络欺凌行为问卷、Rosenberg自尊量表、UCLA孤独量表、基本移情量表进行调查,并进行独立样本t检验、相关分析、回归分析及建立结构方程模型。结果 (1)男生的实施网络欺凌、受网络欺凌和孤独感均高于女生[(17.1±7.0)vs.(14.8±5.6);(17.9±6.2)vs.(15.9±5.7);(45.2±9.7)vs.(42.9±9.8)],自尊和移情均低于女生[(27.4±5.1)vs.(28.2±4.8);(63.1±9.5)vs.(66.0±11.0)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),初中组的实施网络欺凌、受网络欺凌均高于高中组[(16.4±6.6)vs.(15.3±6.1);(17.7±6.0)vs.(16.0±5.9)],而自尊、移情均低于高中组[(27.2±4.5)vs.(28.5±5.3);(61.8±10.3)vs.(67.1±10.0)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)实施网络欺凌、受网络欺凌和孤独感之间两两呈正相关(r=0.20～0.33,P<0.01),与自尊和移情负相关(r=-0.28～-0.13,P<0.01)。(3)中学生孤独感对实施/受网络欺凌的直接效应分别为0.12和0.13;自尊(中介效应0.09,95%CI 0.37～0.79)、移情(中介效应0.05,95%CI 0.16～0.44)在孤独感与实施欺凌的关系间起到中介作用;自尊(中介效应0.05,95%CI 0.13～0.58)、移情(中介效应0.03,95%CI 0～0.03)在孤独感与受欺凌的关系间起到中介作用。结论自尊和移情负向预测中学生实施/受网络欺凌,孤独感正向预测中学生实施/受网络欺凌,提高自尊水平和移情水平可以缓解孤独感对实施/受网络欺凌的影响作用。OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of self-esteem and empathy in the relationship between loneliness and cyberbullying among junior and senior school students.METHODS In the city of Shenyang,Chaoyang,Yingkou and Panjin in Liaoning Province,between March and May,2017,a total of 961 middle school students from 12 to 18 age(grade 1 in middle school to grade 3 in high school)were selected by convenient sampling.Among them,there were 446 boys and 515 girls and there were 512 junior school students and 449 senior school students.Middle School Students’Cyberbullying Behavior Questionnaire(MSSCBQ),Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(SES),UCLA Loneliness Scale(UCLA)and Basic Empathy Scale(BES)were used for the study.The recovery data was analysed by independent sample t-test,correlation analysis,regression analysis and the structural equation model was established.RESULTS(1)The male in the scores of cyberbully,cybervictim and loneliness were higher than the femal((17.1±7.0)vs.(14.8±5.6);(17.9±6.2)vs.(15.9±5.7);(45.2±9.7)vs.(42.9±9.8)),but the male in the scores in self-esteem and empathy were lower than the female((27.4±5.1)vs.(28.2±4.8);(63.1±9.5)vs.(66.0±11.0))and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The junior school students in the scores of cyberbully,cybervictim were higher than the senior school students((16.4±6.6)vs.(15.3±6.1);(17.7±6.0)vs.(16.0±5.9)),but the junior school students in the scores in self-esteem and empathy were lower than senior school students((27.2±4.5)vs.(28.5±5.3);(61.8±10.3)vs.(67.1±10.0)),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)The scores of CBQ,CBVQ and UCLA were positively correlated each other(r=0.20-0.33,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with the scores of SES and BES(r=-0.28--0.13,P<0.01).(3)Among junior and senior school students,the direct effect of loneliness on the cyberbully and cybervictim were 0.12 and 0.13.Self-esteem(indirect effect 0.09,95%CI 0.37-0.79)and empathy(indirect effect 0.05,95%CI 0.16-0.44)played mediating roles in the r

关 键 词：自尊 移情 孤独感 实施网络欺凌 受网络欺凌 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学] C913.5[经济管理]