生命的补偿控制:肿瘤幸存者的正义观与主观幸福感  

Compensatory Control over Medical Sufferings: Belief in a Just World and Subjective Well-being in Cancer

作　　者：吴胜涛[1] 姜颖[2] 王毓洲[2] 张雅婷 Wu Shengtao;Jiang Ying;Wang Yuzhou;Zhang Yating

机构地区：[1]厦门大学新闻传播学院 [2]北京协和医院 [3]厦门大学医学院

出　　处：《中国社会心理学评论》2018年第2期76-89,M0005,共15页Chinese Social Psychological Review

基　　金：首都医学发展基金常见恶性肿瘤幸存者研究项目(No.2007-1049);北京协和医院主动脉夹层动脉瘤研究项目(No.0539400);国际合作项目“文化与补偿控制”(No.JW2016004)的资助

摘　　要：以往研究表明,相信“世界稳定有序、人们各得其所”的正义观作为世俗世界的付出回报观与意义建构系统,在中国文化下具有重要的适应功能,特别是有助于那些处于生活逆境的弱势群体应对生活压力、重建生活信心。然而,正义观能否在有生命威胁的疾病条件下起作用,我们却知之甚少。通过对北京某医院恶性肿瘤幸存者和健康对照组的调查,我们发现:肿瘤幸存者持有与健康人同等水平的正义观,他们的正义观并没有因为疾病威胁而减弱;相对于健康人,肿瘤幸存者的正义观可以更好地预测主观幸福感(更多的积极情绪、更少的抑郁症状),并且生命控制感可以显著地中介正义观与主观幸福感的关系。本研究表明正义观具有一定的心理适应功能,对于正遭受疾病生死折磨的人而言更是起到补偿控制作用。这意味着,提倡一种公正合理的付出回报观在中国文化下具有重要的临床实践价值。Previous studies have shown that belief in a just world( BJW,in which people get what they deserve and deserve what they get),as one of fundamental values on reward for human application in this world,serves adaptive functions in Chinese contexts,and in particular,helps cope with life stress and rebuilds life confidence among the disadvantaged groups. Even so,little is known whether general BJW could be translated into life control in coping with medical sufferings,in which patients’ physical life was ultimately threatened. The present study was conducted upon patients with malignant cancer( vs. healthy subjects),and the results showed that: cancer patients hold the same level of BJW as healthy subjects did,and their BJW are not weakened by the threat of disease;cancer patients’ BJW significantly predict their subjective well-being( more positive emotions,less depressive symptoms) while healthy subjects did not;and life control mediated this effect of general BJW on resilience among cancer patients. The current findings provide further evidence that BJW reveals a positive psychological function,and it works as compensatory control among those suffering from disease,suggesting that world values on reward for application play a considerable role in clinical practice in Chinese culture.

关 键 词：正义观 幸福感 补偿控制 肿瘤幸存者 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]