矿物基摩擦材料的研究进展  

Research Progress in Mineral-based Friction Materials

作　　者：赵晓光 欧阳静[1,2,3] 张毅[1,2,3] 杨华明[1,2,3] ZHAO Xiaoguang;OUYANG Jing;ZHANG Yi;YANG Huaming(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083;Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application,Central South University,Changsha 410083;Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Functional Materials in China Building Materials Industry,Central South University,Changsha 410083)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源生物学院,长沙410083 [2]中南大学矿物材料及其应用湖南省重点实验室,长沙410083 [3]中南大学建筑材料行业黏土矿物功能材料重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《材料导报》2019年第11期1860-1868,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB0310903)~~

摘　　要：摩擦材料是一种采用有机体/无机物压制而成的复合材料,广泛应用于运动车辆与工程机械中,发挥制动和传动功能,是工作中的核心部件。摩擦材料在汽车工业中应用最广,其性能优劣对汽车的安全性、稳定性具有十分重要的影响。矿物材料具有无毒、耐热性及化学稳定性好、无污染等优异的物理化学性质,且部分材料具有天然的纤维状、层状等特殊形貌结构,对摩擦材料的性能具有显著影响,是当前摩擦科学和工程领域关注的重点对象。然而,矿物材料的种类众多,成分和结构大相径庭,物化性能各有差异,导致矿物材料在摩擦材料中发挥作用的方式和机理也不尽相同。基于此,本文从矿物增强摩擦材料、矿物基摩擦材料的性能调控两方面,对矿物材料的成分、结构和物理化学性质及其对摩擦材料制品性能和使用效能的影响进行了综述。进一步从纤维状矿物增强调控、颗粒状矿物增摩调控和层状矿物减摩调控三个方面重点阐述了矿物调控摩擦材料的机理。开发新型矿物材料,加快表面改性及有效除杂等新技术的研发,加强矿物材料在摩擦材料中的作用机理研究,可以作为未来矿物基摩擦材料进行工业应用和理论研究的发展方向。Friction materials are considered to be composites consisting of organic and inorganic materials. As a main working part, they play an important role in braking and transmitting in the fields of transportation and industrial equipment. Friction materials are the most widely used in automobile industry, and their performance has a very important impact on the safety and stability of automobiles. Mineral materials have excellent physical and chemical properties such as non-toxic, heat-resistant, chemical stability, no pollution, and some of them have special morphology (fibrous and layered structure), which are currently of concern in the field of friction science and engineering. However, the function of mineral materials used in friction materials is different, because of the variety of mineral materials and difference of their composition and structure. Based on this, the composition, structure, physical and chemical properties of mineral materials and their effects on the properties and service efficiency of friction products are reviewed in this paper. Furthermore, the mechanism of regulating friction materials by minerals is discussed from three aspects: the reinforcement of friction materials by fibrous minerals, friction-increased regulation by granular minerals and friction-reduction regulation by layered minerals. Developing novel mineral materials, accelerating the development of new technologies such as surface modification and effective impurity removal, and strengthening the study on the influence mechanism of mineral materials in friction materials can be deemed to the development directions of future industrial application and theoretical research of mineral-based friction materials.

关 键 词：矿物 摩擦材料 物化特性 性能调控 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]