林奇综合征相关大肠癌筛查方法的比较及应用  

Comparison and Application of Screening Methods for Colorectal Cancer Associated with Lynch Syndrome

作　　者：邹灿灿 唐怡 李庆姝[1] 肖明 黎明 杨炼 李娴[1] 王娅兰[1] ZOU Cancan;TANG Yi;LI Qingshu;XIAO Ming;LI Ming;YANG Lian;LI Xian;WANG Yalan(Department of Pathology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院病理科

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第3期124-128,共5页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

摘　　要：【目的】比较目前林奇综合征相关大肠癌的筛查方法的优点和局限性,以便更好地应用。【方法】通过综述的方法对林奇综合征相关大肠癌的筛查方法进行比较和总结。【结果】免疫组化检测方法的优点为技术相对简单及便宜、适用于任何组织并可对微卫星不稳定性检测失败的病例进行检测;局限是结果可能受各种生物和技术因素的影响、染色存在一定异质性给医师带来解读困难、可能出现假阳性结果。微卫星检测方法的优点是结果更容易解读且更易重复;缺点是被检组织不具普适性、分析需正常组织作对比、可能存在假阴性或假阳性结果。DNA测序是林奇综合征唯一的确诊方法,但费用昂贵且耗时较长。【结论】几种筛查方法各有优缺点且相互补充,正确理解有利于正确选择从而提高林奇综合征的筛出率。[Purposes]To compare the advantages and limitations of the current screening methods of Lynch syndrome-related colorectal cancer for better application.[Methods]The screening methods of Lynch syndrome-related colorectal cancer were compared and summarized in the form of review.[Findings]The advantage of immunohistochemical detection method is that the technology is relatively simple and inexpensive,suitable for any organization and can detect cases of microsatellite instability test failure;The limitation is that the results may be affected by various biological and technical factors,and the heterogeneity of staining may bring difficulties to the doctor,and there may be false positive results.The advantage of the microsatellite detection method is that the results are easier to interpret and easier to repeat.The disadvantages are that the detectable tissues are not universally applicable,the analysis requires normal tissues for comparison,and there may be false negative or false positive results.DNA sequencing is the only method of diagnosis of Lynch syndrome,but it is expensive and time-consuming.[Conclusions]Several screening methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and complement each other.Correct understanding is conducive to correct selection and thus improve the screening rate of Lynch syndrome.

关 键 词：林奇综合征相关大肠癌 临床病理特征 筛查方法比较 

分 类 号：R735.[医药卫生—肿瘤]