中国文化的本质特征及其形成  

The Essential Characteristics and Formation of Chinese Culture

作　　者：胡克森[1] HU Kesen(School of Liberal Art,Shaoyang University,Shaoyang 422000,China)

机构地区：[1]邵阳学院文学院

出　　处：《邵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期16-25,共10页Journal of Shaoyang University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：文化是不同地域的人们创造出来的物质的和精神的财富。人类之所以不同于其他高智能动物,是因为人类的两大特点:一是人类会思维;二是人类会结群。前者叫思维方式,后者叫行为组织方式。讨论一个国家、一个民族文化的特点,应该从该国家、该民族群体的思维方式和行为组织方式入手。中国人在思维上的主要特征是整体的综合的思维方式,在这一基础上形成整体的和全局的思维观念。而在行为组织上的主要特征是以血缘和泛血缘化的方式结合为社会群体,组织社会生活和社会生产。中国文化的这些本质特征大约萌发于五帝时代,形成于西周的分封建藩,春秋时期孔子将其理论化和系统化,进而向平民社会推广,使其发展成为一种全民的思维习惯和行为习惯。Culture is the material and spiritual wealth created by people in different regions. The reason why humans are different from other intelligent animals is that they can think and live in groups.The former is defined as thinking mode,and the latter the mode of behavior organization. The discussion of the characteristics of a nation and its culture is expected to start from the study of these two modes of the country and the ethnic group. In terms of thinking,the major characteristic of Chinese people is its integrated and comprehensive thinking mode and holistic and global thoughts based on the former. In terms of behavior organization,the major characteristic of Chinese people is that they live in social groups with the combination of consanguinity and pan-consanguinity and then organize social life and social production.These essential characteristics of Chinese culture emerged in the era of the Five Emperors,and were formed in the enfeoffment of the Western Zhou dynasty. During the Spring and Autumn period,Confucius theorized and systematized it,and then spread it to the civilian society,making it a national convention of thinking and behavior.

关 键 词：中国文化 本质特征 思维方式 行为组织方式 

分 类 号：G02[文化科学]