詹锳对“意象”和“比兴”的心理学解释略论  

A Brief Account of Zhan Ying’s Psychological Explaination on “Image” and “Bixing”

作　　者：胡海[1] 王子珺 Hu Hai;Wang Zijun(College of Literature,Hebei University,Baocling,Hebei,071000)

机构地区：[1]河北大学文学院

出　　处：《语文学刊》2019年第3期1-5,共5页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目《中华思想文化术语的整理、传播与数据库建设》(15ZDB003)阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：学界通常认为意象是思想感情与形象的结合;王元化认为“比”附理、“兴”起情,“比兴”作为一个整体概念,近于“艺术形象”。詹锳释“意象”为“意想中之形象”“心意中的形象”,表明形象可能但不一定与思想、概念、情感、意志结合;并指出比、兴相当于心理学上的类比联想和接近联想。本文以詹锳的心理学解释分析比、兴概念及二者与意象的关系,认为:比喻是人的某个表象记忆联系着某种情意或感觉,一个相同或类似的表象能够唤起这种情意或感觉;兴是变形、综合的表象唤起复合的情意或感觉,此即象征、暗喻。前者可谓单一意象,后者可谓复合意象。二者只有寄意显隐之别,没有附理还是起情之分。It is generally believed that“image”,is the combination of thoughts,feelings and figures.Wang Yuanhua believes that“bi”means the truth and“xing”means the emotion.Therefore,“bixing”,as a whole concept,is similar to the“artistic image”.Zhan Ying interprets the“image”,as the figure of imag-ination and the figure in one’s heart,which demonstrates that“image”,may be associated with ideas,concepts,emotions and wills,but not necessary.Zhan Ying argues that and“xing”,are equal to the analogy association and the association by contiguity in psychology.This paper will analyse the concepts of“bi”and“xing”and the relationship between them and“image”based on Zhan Ying’s analysis.This paper holds the view that“bi”(metaphor)is that a person’s memory of image is associated with some kind of emotions or feelings,and an identical or similar image can evoke such emotions or feelings.Xing is that a transformative and comprehensive image can evoke complex emotions or feelings-symbol or metaphor.The former one is a single“image”and the latter one is a compound“image”.The only difference is the distinction between the exterior and the internal,not the truth and the emotion.

关 键 词：比兴 意象 詹锳 心理学 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]