食品中典型持久性有机污染物暴露及毒性通路研究进展  

Research progress on exposure levels and toxic pathways of typical persistent organic pollutants in foods

作　　者：马武仁 卿颖 李子琪 陈志元 黄煜 陆伟 杨岚 郑唯韡[1] 陈雯[2] 郑玉新[3] 曹佳 何更生[1] 屈卫东[1] Ma Wuren;Qing Ying;Li Ziqi;Chen Zhiyuan;Huang Yu;Lu Wei;Yang Lan;Zheng Weiwei;Chen Wen;Zheng Yuxin;Cao Jia;He Gengsheng;Qu Weidong(Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai 200032, China;School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China;College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,卫生健康委员会卫生技术评估重点实验室,上海200032 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院,广州510080 [3]青岛大学公共卫生学院,266021 [4]陆军军医大学预防医学系,重庆400038

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2019年第6期645-652,共8页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1600200).

摘　　要：二噁英、多溴联苯醚和苯并芘是食品中常见的有机污染物。其高残留和持久性、易蓄积和强有害效应一直为学术界和管理部门关注。2007年美国科学研究理事会出版了《21世纪毒性测试:愿景与战略》,提出了毒性测试的新理念,即应充分考虑人群暴露背景,基于体外、人源性细胞系,毒性通路和高通量筛选。同时,利用系统生物学、生物信息学和快速分析技术以更好地理解毒性通路,即化学物暴露引起细胞充分扰动,导致健康损害的细胞反应通路。新的毒性测试策略改变了原有毒性测试格局,在国际相关领域产生了广泛影响。欧盟、世界卫生组织、美国环境保护署、食品药品监督管理局和美国国家毒理研究中心针对新的毒性测试理念和如何评估利用传统毒性测试研究结果的需要,组织了相关讨论和探索性研究。目前,已从十年前讨论是否要做,转变为如何去做。因此,如何响应毒性测试理念,又能对传统毒性测试数据有效利用和挖掘,已成为毒理学、食品卫生学和环境科学等多学科领域关注的焦点。因此,本文概览综述了我国食品中典型持久性有机污染物二噁英、多溴联苯醚和苯并芘的暴露水平及现有基于整体动物实验的毒性通路研究状况。分析概括三类污染物的暴露水平、毒效应和毒性机制,以期为未来基于21世纪毒性测试的结果与传统测试比对和对两类数据的挖掘分析提供依据。同时,也为建立基于暴露特征、毒性通路和生物学标志的毒性测试框架体系奠定基础。Dioxins,polybrominated diphenyl ethers,and benzo(a)pyrene are common organic pollutants in food.They have been of concern to academics and government administrations due to high residue and persistence,easy accumulation and strong harmful effects.The National Research Council of the United States of America published Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century:A Vision and Strategy in 2007,which proposed a new concept of toxicity testing that toxicity testing should take full consideration of population exposure data and base on in vitro tests,human cell lines,toxicity pathways and high-throughput screening.Meanwhile,systems biology,bioinformatics and rapid assay technologies will be used to better understand toxicity pathways-the cellular response pathways that can lead to adverse health effects when sufficient perturbing induced by chemicals exposure.The new toxicity testing strategy has changed the traditional testing pattern and has brought a wide impact on the international relevant fields.The European Union,the World Health Organization,and the United States Environmental Protection Agency,the Food and Drug Administration,and the National Center for Toxicological Research have organized relevant discussions and exploratory studies to address the new toxicity testing concept and how to evaluate and utilize the results of traditional toxicity test researches.Compared to the discussion,'whether to do it’,ten years ago,the question,'how to do it’,has become the concern of the current discussion.Therefore,how to respond to the concept of toxicity testing and how to effectively utilize and excavate traditional toxicity test data have been the focus of multi-disciplines and interdisciplinary academia such as toxicology,food hygiene and environmental science.Therefore,this article provides an overview of the exposure levels of dioxin,polybrominated diphenyl ethers and benzo[a]pyrene,which are typical persistent organic pollutants in food in China and the current research status of toxic pathways based on whole animal

关 键 词：食品 毒性作用 苯并芘 二噁英 多溴联苯醚 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]