江华苦茶的亲缘关系与遗传多样性研究  

Study on the Genetic Relationship and Genetic Diversity of Jianghua Bitter Tea

作　　者：成杨[1] 刘振[1] 赵洋[1] 杨培迪[1] 罗军武[2] 杨阳[1] CHENG Yang;LIU Zhen;ZHAO Yang;YANG Pei-di;LUO Jun-wu;YANG Yang(Tea Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hunan Branch of National Tea Tree Improvement Center,Changsha 410125,China;Department of Tea Science,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,国家茶树改良中心湖南分中心,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学园艺园林学院茶学系,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2019年第2期141-148,共8页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-19);湖南省科技重点研发项目(2018NK2031);湖南省农业科技创新项目(2017JC15)

摘　　要：采用荧光SSR分子标记与cpDNA序列分析技术相结合的方法,对江华苦茶4个自然居群的32份资源进行遗传多样性、亲缘关系和遗传分化研究。结果表明:cpDNA变异率约为0.78%,分为5个单倍型,单倍型多样性为Hd=0.726,核苷酸多样性为π=0.00233,遗传多样性较高;H3是基础的单倍型,H4和H5之间只有一个位点的差异,亲缘关系最近;居群遗传分化系数较高(FST=0.26019),基因流较低(Nm=0.71),cpDNA变异主要在居群内(89.29%),居群间遗传分化程度较低;中性检测和失配分析结果表明江华苦茶没有发生扩张事件。荧光SSR分子标记Ho、He和Nei分别为0.56、0.65和0.64,遗传多样性较高;3号和27号样品与其他样品相似度低于75%,4、8、13、16、17、20、21、31、32相互之间相似度高于85%,亲缘关系最近;群体间的遗传分化系数较小(FST=0.0971),基因流较高(Nm=2.3254),核基因遗传变异主要出现在居群内(90.98%),居群间遗传分化程度较低。The genetic diversity,genetic relationship and genetic differentiation of 32 natural resources of Jianghua bitter tea were studied by the combination of fluorescent SSR molecular markers and cpDNA sequence analysis.The results showed that the cpDNA mutation rate was about 0.78%,which was divided into five haplotypes.The haplotype diversity was Hd=0.726,the nucleotide diversity wasπ=0.00233,and the genetic diversity was higher.H3 was the basic single.There is only one locus difference between H4 and H5,and the phylogenetic relationship is the closest;the population genetic differentiation coefficient is higher(FST=0.26019),the gene flow is lower(Nm=0.71),and the cpDNA variation is mainly in the population(89.29%),the degree of genetic differentiation among populations was low;the results of neutral detection and mismatch analysis showed that there was no expansion of Jianghua bitter tea.The fluorescent SSR molecular markers Ho,He and Nei were 0.56,0.65 and 0.64,respectively,and the genetic diversity was higher;the similarity of samples No.3 and 27 to other samples was less than 75%,4,8,13,16,17,20 The similarity between 21,31,and 32 is higher than 85%,and the genetic relationship is the closest;the genetic differentiation coefficient between groups is small(FST=0.0971),the gene flow is higher(Nm=2.3254),and the genetic variation of nuclear genes mainly appears.Within the population(90.98%),the degree of genetic differentiation among populations was low.

关 键 词：江华苦茶 SSR CPDNA 遗传多样性 亲缘关系 遗传分化 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] Q943.2[农业科学—作物学]