某车型悬架运动学分析及多目标优化研究  

Kinematics Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization of Suspension of a Certain Vehicle Model

作　　者：李奥运 廖林清 张君 王伟 LI Aoyun;LIAO Linqing;ZHANG Jun;WANG Wei(College of Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学车辆工程学院,重庆400054 [2]重庆理工大学机械工程学院,重庆400054

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2019年第6期34-39,64,共7页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：重庆市应用开发计划项目(cstc2014yykf B70008)

摘　　要：针对如何改善车辆转向性能及轮胎磨损的问题,以某款车型的前麦弗逊独立悬架为研究对象,采用多目标优化理论与虚拟样机技术相结合的方法,探索车轮定位参数对汽车转向性能、直线行驶能力及轮胎磨损的影响。分析了该悬架的结构形式及运动规律,利用Adams/car建立悬架的多体动力学模型并进行了运动学分析。运用最优拉丁超立方设计的方法对主销参数进行灵敏度分析,确定了悬架硬点对主销参数的影响程度,并采用NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法对主销后倾角、主销内倾角及轮距变化梯度进行了多目标优化。优化结果表明:优化后的悬架参数变化明显减小,提升了汽车的转向性能,减小了轮胎的磨损,为悬架系统的优化设计提供了思路。In order to improve vehicle steering performance and reduce tire wear, taking the Mc Pherson independent suspension of a certain model as the research object,the method of combining multi-objective optimization theory and virtual prototype technology is adopted to explore the wheel alignment parameters on vehicle steering performance,linear driving ability and the influence of tire wear. The structure form and movement rule of suspension were analyzed. The multi-body dynamics model of the suspension was established by using Adams/car. Then the kinematics of the suspension were analyzed. The sensitivity of kingpin parameters was analyzed by using Optimal Latin hypercube experimental design method. The influence of hard point of suspension on kingpin parameters was clarified,and the multi-objective optimization was carried out for the caster,kingpin inclination and wheel pitch change gradient by using algorithm NSGA-Ⅱ. The results showed that the changes of the optimized suspension parameters were significantly reduced,which improved the steering performance of the car and reduced the wear of tires,providing ideas for the optimization design of the suspension system.

关 键 词：麦弗逊独立悬架 运动学分析 NSGA-Ⅱ 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程]