论白居易讽谕诗中的民生观  

On the Concept of People’s Livelihood in Bai Juyi’s Allegorical Poems

作　　者：罗浩春 付兴林[1] LUO Hao-chun;FU Xing-lin(School of Arts, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong Shaanxi, 723000)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学文学院

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期72-76,共5页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：讽谕诗是白居易"兼济天下"的思想结晶,体现了诗人对民生的极大关注。白居易的民生观在讽谕诗中具体表现为:一是对时令反常、物生夭阏的怜悯,二是对弃贫趋富、悖礼违孝的关注,三是对劣官败政、人才见弃的鞭挞,四是对邪虏贪婪、朝政日衰的痛惜。其民生观既是对传统民本思想和儒家诗教的继承,又受到前代诗人思想的影响,同时也与自身成长和仕途进阶的经历以及补政救失、感念皇恩的思想有很大关联。白居易将自己刚直的品性熔铸其于讽谕诗中,形成激进的民本思想,对当时社会及后世文人思想产生了积极影响。同时也应看到,白居易创作讽谕诗的动力存在一定偏颇和局限,相较于杜甫等人,他对民生的关注还存在深度不够的缺憾。The allegorical poems are the quintessence of Bai’s thought about "one tries to let others be benefited",which reflect the poet’s great concern about people’s livelihood. The concept of the people’s livelihood in the allegorical poems is made from the mercy about abnormal seasons and died crops;the concern about abandoning poverty and pursuing rich,and old men without supports;the blame for bad officer and defeat politics,and the outflow of talents;the deeply grief for foreigners’ greed the own nation’s political decay. His concept of people’s livelihood is associated with traditional people-oriented thoughts and Confucian poetry teaching,and learning from predecessors’ ideas. The environment of early poverty,and the requirements of the advancement of political career,the gratitude to the emperor,and the hope to make up for political mistakes are important reason to form his concept of people’s livelihood. Bai Juyi also fused his rigid character into it to form a radical people-oriented thought,which had an impact on the thought and creation of later literati. At the same time,Bai Juyi’s motivation to create allegorical poems is biased and limited,and his concern for people’s livelihood is not deep enough compared with that of Du Fu and others.

关 键 词：白居易 讽谕诗 民生观 

分 类 号：I207.226[文学—中国文学] I222.6