平菇原生质体单核化菌株的制备及其培养特征分析  

Preparation of Protoplast Mononuclear Strain of Pleurotus ostreatus and Analysis of Its Culture Characteristics

作　　者：努尔孜亚·亚力买买提[1] 赵梦然[2] 罗影[1] 郝敬喆[1] 魏鹏[1] 贾文捷[1] 贾培松[1] 温切木·阿布列孜 Nurziya Yarmamat;ZHAO Meng-ran;LUO Ying;HAO Jing-zhe;WEI Peng;JIA Wen-jie;JIA Pei-song;Hunqam Abliz(Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management in China North-Western Desert Oasis,Ministry of Agriculture,P. R. China / Research Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Altay Vegetable Basket Engineering Program Office,Altay,Xinjiang 836500,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/国家食用菌产业技术研发中心,北京100081 [3]阿勒泰市菜篮子工程办公室,新疆阿勒泰836500

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2019年第4期731-739,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：自治区自然科学基金计划特培(2019D03020);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-20)~~

摘　　要：【目的】比较分析平菇菌株原生质体单核化再生菌株培养特征,为平菇新品种选育提供创制材料及技术理论据支撑。【方法】采用原生质体制备技术获得平菇单核化菌株,采用生物学方法对实验菌株进行培养特征分析。【结果】各菌株原生质体释放量随酶解时间延长呈先升高再降低的趋势,11个菌株在酶解处理3.5h时原生质体释放量最大、浓度可达2.12×10^7个/mL,占总数的的84.6%;各菌株原生质体萌发率和单核率均具有较大差异,原生质体平均萌发率为69.62%,原生质体单核率为5.74%;比较分析出发菌株与其单核菌株的菌丝长速、形态、长势等特征发现,20个单核菌株的菌丝形态优于其出发菌株,占单核菌株的48.78%;12个单核菌株的菌丝长速显著高于其出发菌株,占单核菌株的29.27%。【结论】所有供试菌株在原生质体释放速率、原生质体再生能力、单核得率以及菌丝长速、长势、菌落形态等具有丰富的遗传多样性。【Objective】 Based on the comparative analysis of the culture characteristics of protoplast mononuclear regenerated strains of Pleurotus ostreatus, the creative materials and technical theoretical support were provided for the breeding of new varieties.【Methods】 Mononuclear strains of Pleurotus ostreatus were obtained by protoplast preparation technology and the culture characteristics of the experimental strains were analyzed by biological method.【Results】 With the prolongation of enzymatic hydrolysis time, the protoplast release of 11 strains increased first and then decreased. The release of protoplasts from 11 strains was the highest when treated with enzyme hydrolysis for 3.5 h, the concentration of which was 2.12 × 10^7 /mL, accounting for 84.6% of the total. The protoplast germination rate and mononuclear rate of protoplasts of each strain were quite different. The average germination rate of protoplasts was 69. 62%, and the mononuclear rate of protoplasts was 5.74%. The mycelial growth rate, morphology and growth potential of the originating strains and their monocytes were compared and analyzed. The mycelial morphology of 20 monocytes was better than that of their originating strains, accounting for 48.78% of the monokaryotic strains, and the mycelial growth rate of 12 monocytes was significantly higher than that of their originating strains, accounting for 29.27% of the monokaryotic strains.【Conclusion】 To sum up, all the tested strains had rich genetic diversity in protoplast release rate, protoplast regeneration ability, mononuclear yield rate, hyphal growth rate, colony morphology and so on. The findings laid a good material foundation for the breeding of new varieties of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in the future.

关 键 词：平菇 原生质体 酶解 单核菌株 菌丝生长 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]