重症监护室护士情感衰竭特点及其与抑郁和创伤后应激障碍的关系:正念的调节作用  

Levels of emotional exhaustion and its relationship with depression and posttraumatic stress disorder in ICU nurses: the moderating effect of mindfulness

作　　者：鲁芳[1,2] 徐媛媛[1] 于永菊 彭李[1] 汪涛[1] 谢俊鹏 刘波涛[1] 李敏[1] LU Fang;XU Yuanyuan;YU Yongju;PENG Li;WANG Tao;XIE Junpeng;LIU Botao;LI Min(Department of Military Psychology,School of Medical Psychology,Army Medical University ( Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038;Department of Nursing Management,School of Nursing,Army Medical University ( Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038;Department of Social Work,School of Sociology,Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing,400031,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)医学心理系军事心理学教研室,重庆400038 [2]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)护理系护理管理学教研室,重庆400038 [3]四川外国语学院社会学系社会工作教研室,重庆400031

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2019年第14期1397-1402,共6页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(31700958);重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYB16120);陆军军医大学人文社科基金(2016XRW09,2018XRW09),陆军军医大学军事医学预研基金(2016XYY06);重庆市技术创新与应用示范(社会民生类一般)项目(CSTC2018jscx-msybX0119)~~

摘　　要：目的研究重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)护士情感衰竭的特点及其与抑郁、创伤后应激障碍的关系,探讨正念对情感衰竭和抑郁、创伤后应激障碍的调节作用。方法采用职业倦怠量表(Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey, MBI-HSS)的情感衰竭维度(Emotional Exhaustion, EE)、五因素正念量表(Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Chinese Version, FFMQ-CH)、流调用抑郁量表(Center For Epidemiological Survey, Depression Scale, CES-D)和创伤后应激障碍症状清单平民版(Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version, PCL-C),于2016年3月至2017年4月对全国11省市500名ICU护士的情感衰竭、正念、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍水平进行便利抽样调查。采用SPSS 20.0进行统计分析。结果①ICU护士情感衰竭得分为(20.82±9.79)分。不同性别和ICU工作年限护士情感衰竭水平差异有统计学意义(F值分别为1.4和3.85,P<0.05)。②ICU护士情感衰竭与其抑郁、创伤后应激障碍水平呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.61和0.42,P<0.01);与正念水平呈显著负相关(r值为-0.80,P<0.01)。③正念在情感衰竭对抑郁和创伤后应激障碍的影响中起调节作用。结论 ICU护士情感衰竭水平与其正念、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍程度相关。正念水平的增加有助于缓减ICU护士抑郁和创伤后应激障碍症状,促进心理健康。Objective To investigate the level of emotional exhaustion and its relationship with depression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in intensive care unit(ICU) nurses and explore the moderating effects of mindfulness. Methods From March, 2016 to April 2017, we conducted a survey of the levels of emotional exhaustion, mindfulness, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder among 500 Chinese ICU nurses in 11 provinces and cities using the Dimension of Emotional Exhaustion in Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey(MBI-HSS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Chinese Version(FFMQ-CH), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C). Results The mean score of emotional exhaustion was 20.82±9.79 among the ICU nurses participated in this survey. The level of emotional exhaustion differed significantly between male and female nurses(F=1.4, P<0.05) and among those with different ICU working experiences(F=3.85, P<0.05). Emotional exhaustion was negatively correlated with mindfulness(r=-0.80, P<0.01) and positively correlated with depression(r=0.61, P<0.01) and posttraumatic stress disorder(r=0.42, P<0.01). Mindfulness moderated the relationship of emotional exhaustion with depression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Conclusion The level of emotional exhaustion is closely correlated with mindfulness, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in ICU nurses. An increased mindfulness level can help the nurses reduce depression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms to promote their psychological wellbeing.

关 键 词：正念 情感衰竭 抑郁 创伤后应激障碍 重症监护室 护士 

分 类 号：RI92.6[哲学宗教—心理学] R395.5[医药卫生—医学心理学]