东汉后期太学生数目之考及出路之争  

The Examination of the Number of Taixue Students and the Dispute over the Way out in the Late Eastern Han Dynasty

作　　者：卢冠华 Lu Guanhua(Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010000)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学

出　　处：《职大学报》2019年第4期76-80,共5页Journal of the Staff and Worker’s University

摘　　要：太学自建立于西汉武帝时起,至东汉末年已发展了二百余年,从初置五十位博士官弟子发展到桓帝时期三万余名太学生。从官僚体系人数、太学生人员构成、太学场所在考古发现中得到的验证,以及当时洛阳人口规模等方面来看,该数字是可信的。太学发展的质量与统治阶级的重视程度紧密相连,随着东汉后期皇帝大权旁落,外戚与宦官轮流秉政,政治腐败阻塞了太学生的入仕道路。太学生与官卿士大夫集团结合,共同与宦官集团进行斗争。东汉太学生集团对当时的朝政和教育,以及后世的士人精神发展形成了巨大而深远的影响。Taixue has developing for more than 200 years since it was founded in Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty to the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The number of students has increased from 50 to more than 30,000 in the period of Emperor Huan. The number of students is credible from the perspectives of the number of bureaucrats, the composition of students personnel of Taixue, the verification of archaeological discovery in Taixue places, and the population of Luoyang at that time. The quality of Taixue’s development is closely related to the importance attached by the ruling class. In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, political corruption blocked the way for students of Taixue to become officials because of the absence of emperors’ power and the power alternates between emperors’ outside relatives and eunuchs. Students of Taixue combine with scholar-bureaucrat group to fight together with eunuch group. They had great impact on current affairs and education and the spiritual development of later scholars.

关 键 词：东汉 太学生 党锢 士大夫 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]