高校翻译专业范式转移:从翻译专业(1.0)到语言服务专业(2.0)  

From Translation Specialty to Language Service Specialty: A Paradigm Shift

作　　者：蔡基刚[1] CAI Ji-gang

机构地区：[1]复旦大学

出　　处：《上海翻译》2019年第4期54-59,F0003,共7页Shanghai Journal of Translators

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“中国大学生学术英语能力及素养等级量表建设和培养路径研究”(编号:016BYY027F);国家语委科研重点项目“汉英学术语篇阅读效率及信息加工对比研究”(编号:ZDIII125-57)阶段性成果

摘　　要：人工智能催生各种专业机器翻译,这将不仅造成翻译专业乃至外语专业招生的大规模压缩,也要求原来的翻译专业在培养规格和培养目的上要有根本性的改革。新时代的经济发展和技术发展要求培养具有修改各种专业翻译文本的语言服务人才而不是单纯的翻译人才。任何学科专业的理论知识或行业的业务知识都是通过特定的语言方式构建和交流的。一个翻译能力再强的语言服务人员也必须结合专业和行业学习某一领域常见的语类(期刊论文和产品说明)的结构和语言,才能胜任这个领域的语言服务。语言服务学科的诞生,翻译专业转型为语言服务专业,或翻译专业1.0范式转移为2.0范式已经具备学理依据。Artificial intelligence is giving birth to various specialized machine translation ( SMT) which will lead to a large-scale reduction of the enrollment of translation majors as well as foreign language majors.Most significantly,SMT will cause a fundamental reform in the teaching aim and talents’cultivation of the translation department.The economic and technological development of the new era requires the cultivation of language service specialists who need to work on the products of SMT instead of translating texts from the beginning to the end.The knowledge and content of any discipline or any occupation is constructed and communicated in a specific discourse, rhetorical and syntactical structure.A language service staff with normal translation ability could not take up the job unless they have a better understanding of the discourse and linguistic features of various genres ( e.g.lab reports,journal articles,and business contracts) of a particular discipline or profession.This new teaching aim has provided a strong scientific basis for the birth of the language service discipline and the language service department.New technology and new economy call for a paradigm shift in translation pedagogy.

关 键 词：人工智能 机器翻译 语言服务 翻译教学 范式转移 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]