Sequencing of Cultivated Peanut, Arachis hypogaea, Yields Insights into Genome Evolution and Oil Improvement  

作　　者：Xiaoping Chen Qing Lu Hao Liu Jianan Zhang Yanbin Hong Haofa Lan Haifen Li Jinpeng Wang Haiyan Liu Shaoxiong Li Manish K.Pandey Zhikang Zhang Guiyuan Zhou Jigao Yu Guoqiang Zhang Jiaqing Yuan Xingyu Li Shijie Wen Fanbo Meng Shanlin Yu Xiyin Wang Kadambot H.M.Siddique Zhong-Jian Liu Andrew H.Paterson Rajeev K.Varshney Xuanqiang Liang 

机构地区：[1]South China Peanut Sub-center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, China [10]Fujian Colleges and Universities Engineering Research Institute of Conservation and Utilization of Natural Bioresources, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China [11]Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, USA [2]National Foxtail Millet Improvement Center, Minor Cereal Crops Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China [3]MolBreeding Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, China [4]School of Life Sciences and Center for Genomics and Computational Biology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China [5]Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India [6]Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, National Orchid Conservation Center of China and Orchid Conservation and Research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China [7]Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China [8]UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia [9]Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2019年第7期920-934,共15页分子植物（英文版）

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China (31501246,31771841,31801401);the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2017A030311007);the Modem Agroindustry Technology Research System (CARS-14);the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2015B020231006, 2015A020209051, 2016B020201003, 2016LM3161, 2016LM3164, 2014A020208060 and S2013020012647);the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of Guangdong Province (2013B050800021);the Agricultural Science and Technology Program of Guangdong (2013B020301014);the teamwork projects funded Guangdong Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (no. 2017A030312004).

摘　　要：Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an allotetraploid crop planted in Asia, Africa, and America for edible oil and protein. To explore the origins and consequences of tetraploidy, we sequenced the allotetraploid A. hypogaea genome and compared it with the related diploid Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis genomes. We annotated 39 888 A-subgenome genes and 41 526 B-subgenome genes in allotetraploid peanut. The A. hypogaea subgenomes have evolved asymmetrically, with the B subgenome resembling the ancestral state and the A subgenome undergoing more gene disruption, loss, conversion, and transposable element proliferation, and having reduced gene expression during seed development despite lacking genome-wide expression dominance. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified more than 2 500 oil metabolism-related genes and revealed that most of them show altered expression early in seed development while their expression ceases during desiccation, presenting a comprehensive map of peanut lipid biosynthesis. The availability of these genomic resources will facilitate a better understanding of the complex genome architecture, agronomically and economically important genes, and genetic improvement of peanut.

关 键 词：CULTIVATED PEANUT denovo SEQUENCING comparative GENOMICS genome evolution OIL metabolism 

分 类 号：Q[生物学]