美好生活是城市的目的——亚里士多德“人是城市动物”中的自然目的论  

Better Life is the Aim of the City——On the Natural Teleology in Aristotle’s Definition of Human Being as “Political Animal” in Politics

作　　者：郭振华 GUO Zhen-hua(Northwest University)

机构地区：[1]西北大学哲学学院

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第5期64-67,共4页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“柏拉图《美诺》疏证”(14CZX033)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：亚里士多德在《政治学》(卷一)中提出“人是城市(政治)动物”,这揭示了城市本身的自然目的论。亚里士多德认为城市以成全人的自然潜能、实现人的美好生活为目的。该目的包含竞争发展与平等包容两个维度,并且二者是对立统一的。个人单靠家庭和村落无法实现美好生活这一目的,必然走向城市;城市比家庭和村落更自然、更能成全人的潜能;人天生是城市动物,人需要成为好市民,使自己的自然潜能在美德之城中得到成全。What is the relationship between city and better life? In Book I of Politics , Aristotle defines human being as political animal / animal of city. This definition is an exposure of the natural teleology of the city. This paper examines the theory of city in Politics , shows that, a) the city develops for the purpose of the actualization of human potentiality and better life, b)the two dimensions, height and breadth / competence and equality, of its purpose needs to be in balance, c)the city comes from family and village but is more natural than both of them, d)by making good citizens and good person, the city of virtue actualizes the natural potentiality of most people.

关 键 词：《政治学》 城市 美好生活 美德之城 

分 类 号：B502.233[哲学宗教—外国哲学]