广州市166名护士工作倦怠及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of the situation and influential factors of job burnout among 166 nurses in Guangzhou, China

作　　者：刘慧婷 郑柏宁 卢映君 郭静宜[1] 林秋红[1] Liu Huiting;Zheng Boning;Lu Yingjun;Guo Jingyi;Lin Qiuhong(Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Guangzhou 510620, China;Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China)

机构地区：[1]广州市职业病防治院,510620 [2]广州市胸科医院,510095

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2019年第8期576-580,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解广州市护士工作倦怠的基本情况,探讨护士工作倦怠的影响因素.方法于2017年4月,以整群随机抽样的方法抽取广州市8家医院的166名护士作为调查对象.采用护士工作问卷(MBI)调查护士情绪枯竭维度(EE)、去人格化倾向维度(DP)和个人成就感维度(PA)得分情况,用简单应对方式问卷(SCSQ)调查护士积极应对和消极应对得分情况.结果护士情绪枯竭和去人格化倾向均呈现中度倦怠,个人成就感呈现重度倦怠.职业病专科医院护士情绪枯竭、去人格化倾向得分均比综合医院低(t=-7.305、-3.442,P<0.01),个人成就感得分比综合医院高(t=2.597,P<0.05).已婚护士情绪枯竭得分比未婚护士高(t=2.988,P<0.01).消毒供应室护士情绪枯竭得分比其他科室高(t=3.788,P<0.01),个人成就感得分比其他科室低(t=-3.990,P<0.01).不同工龄护士情绪枯竭得分差异有统计学意义(F=3.225,P<0.01).积极应对与去人格化倾向呈负相关(r=-0.190),与个人成就感呈正相关(r=0.323),消极应对与情绪枯竭、去人格化倾向均呈正相关(r=0.389、0.293).医院类型、消极应对和积极应对进入情绪枯竭的回归方程(R^2=0.368,P<0.01)和去人格化倾向的回归方程(R^2=0.199,P<0.01),积极应对和科室分类进入个人成就感的回归方程(R^2=0.201,P<0.01).结论广州市护士情绪枯竭和去人格化倾向中度倦怠以及个人成就感重度倦怠,医院类型、科室分类、婚姻状况、工龄和应对方式对工作倦怠均存在影响.Objective To investigate the situation and influential factors of the job burnout among the nurses in Guangzhou, China. Methods In April 2017, 166 nurses from 8 hospitals in Guangzhou were surveyed by applying the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to investigate their Emotion Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP) and Personal Accomplishment (PA), and applying Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) to examine negative coping style and positive coping style based on group random sampling. Results The nurses exhibited moderate burnout on both EE and DP, as well as severe burnout on PA. Compared with the nurses in the general hospitals, the nurses in the occupational disease hospital had lower scores on both EE and DP (t=-7.305,-3.442, P<0.01), and they had higher scores on PA (t=2.597, P<0.05). The married nurses had higher scores on EE (t=2.988, P<0.01). The nurses in the disinfection supply department had higher scores on EE and lower scores on PA than the nurses in other departments (t=3.788,-3.990, P<0.01). There was a significant difference on EE between different working age groups (F=3.225, P<0.01). 6-10 years and 21-25 years of working age had higher scores on EE. Positive coping was negatively correlated with DP (r=-0.190), and it positively correlated with PA (r=0.323). Negative coping was positively correlated with both EE and DP (r=0.389, 0.293).Hospitals types, negative coping style and positive coping style both entered the regression equation for EE (R^2=0.368, P<0.01) and the regression equation for DP (R^2=0.199, P<0.01). Positive coping style and department types entered the regression equation for PA (R^2=0.201, P<0.01). Conclusion Nurses in Guangzhou got moderate level on both EE and DP, lower level on PA. Hospitals types, department types, marital status, working ages and coping style are all the influential factors of job burnout.

关 键 词：护士 工作倦怠 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]