基于温度梯度的带壳鲜花生热风干燥收缩模型研究  

Study on shrinkage model of fresh shelled peanuts by hot air drying based on temperature gradient

作　　者：卢映洁 任广跃[1,2] 段续 张乐道[1,2] 凌铮铮 LU Ying-jie;REN Guang-yue;DUAN Xu;ZHANG Le-dao;LING Zheng-zheng(College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang, Henan 471023, China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain StorageSecurity, Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]粮食储藏安全河南省协同创新中心,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《食品与机械》2019年第8期148-154,共7页Food and Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:31671907);河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(编号:16IRTSTHN009);国家重点研发项目(编号:2017YFD0400901);智汇郑州·1125聚才计划(编号:2016XT026)

摘　　要：以带壳鲜花生为原料,选取不同温度梯度(40,50,60℃)的热风干燥条件对其收缩特性进行研究,并建立相应的数学模型进行拟合。研究结果表明:在干燥过程中,花生壳与花生仁的体积收缩比逐渐减小,收缩速率加快,空隙量逐渐增大,花生壳先于花生仁发生收缩,收缩后网状结构变形严重。温度从40℃提升至60℃,花生壳与花生仁的收缩比分别减小了8.0%,7.1%。花生壳与花生仁的的最佳收缩模型分别为Quadratic模型和Vazquez模型,两种模型拟合程度较高,能很好地反映带壳鲜花生热风干燥过程中体积收缩的变化。To explore the shrinkage influence on fresh shelled peanut hot air drying,improving drying quality,this experiment with fresh shelled peanut as raw material,the selection of different temperature gradient(40,50,60 ℃)hot air drying conditions on the shrinkage characteristics were studied,and established the corresponding mathematical model fitting.The results showed that in the drying process,the volume contraction ratio of peanut shell and peanut kernel decreased gradually,the contraction rate increased,and the void volume increased gradually.The peanut shell contracted first than the kernel,and the net structure was seriously deformed after the contraction.Temperature from 40℃to 60℃,peanuts and peanut kernel contraction ratio decreased 8.0% and 7.1% respectively.Quadratic model and Vazquez model were the optimal contraction models of peanut shell and nut kernel respectively.The two models had a high degree of fitting and could well reflect the changes of volume contraction during the hot-air drying of fresh peanuts with shell.Therefore,the results of this study can more accurately predict the drying characteristics of fresh shelled peanuts during the hot air drying process,and provide a reference for the optimization of the hot air drying process of fresh shelled peanuts.

关 键 词：带壳鲜花生 热风干燥 扫描电镜 收缩模型 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]