数字轨道地图平面线形特征提取方法研究  

Research on Geometry Extraction of Railway Horizontal Curves for Digital Track Map

作　　者：陶维杰 蔡伯根[1,2] 王剑 刘江[1,2] 上官伟 TAO Weijie;CAI Baigen;WANG Jian;LIU Jiang;SHANGGUAN Wei(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of EMC and GNSS Technology for Rail Transportation,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电子信息工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京市轨道交通电磁兼容与卫星导航工程技术研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道学报》2019年第9期81-87,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1201500);中央高校基本科研业务费(2018YJS016);国家自然科学基金(61873023,61490705);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(P2018G008);北京市自然科学基金(4182053)

摘　　要：数字轨道地图是卫星定位技术应用到铁路运输行业的基础,根据铁路线路设计时三种平面线形--直线、缓和曲线和圆曲线的不同特征,采用基于方位角的曲率方法进行平面线形的初步识别,再以横向误差为约束条件迭代确定满足要求的线形分段,进而采用整体最小二乘的方法对三种线形进行拟合,实现数字轨道地图的平面线形特征提取。青藏线实测数据结果表明,该算法是可行且有效的,不仅能识别拟合线路的平面线形,用少数关键点和相关参数就能表达出整体的几何特征;而且拟合后线路的横向误差和纵向累积误差都较小,满足高精度应用的要求。Digital track map is a vital basis for the application of satellite positioning technology to railway transportation.Based on the different features of railway horizontal alignments(i.e.,straight lines,circular curves and easement curves),the proposed method used azimuth and curvature to identify horizontal geometry roughly.An iterative segmentation method based on cross-track error was adopted to determine the accurate geometry according to the three basic geometric elements.The total least squares fitting algorithm was used to calculate the parameter of the railway horizontal curves to realize the extraction of the horizontal alignment features of the digital track map.The experiment results from Qinghai-Tibet railway line show that the method can effectively extract the geometry for digital track map,using few characteristic points to represent the geometric characteristics of the whole railway line.The result proves the high accuracy of the estimations with minimum cross-track error and cumulative longitudinal track error.

关 键 词：数字轨道地图 平面线形 整体最小二乘 

分 类 号：U284[交通运输工程—交通信息工程及控制]