农田信息采集车设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Farmland Information Collection Vehicle

作　　者：姚照胜 刘涛[1,2] 刘升平 邓国强[1,2] 武威 孙成明[1,2] YAO Zhaosheng;LIU Tao;LIU Shengping;DENG Guoqiang;WU Wei;SUN Chengming(Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou 225009, China;Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农学院,扬州225009 [2]江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,扬州225009 [3]中国农业科学院农业信息化研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2019年第10期236-242,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31671615、31701355、31872852);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300805);江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201811117105K);苏州市农业科技创新项目(SNG2017064);扬州市产学研合作专项基金项目(YZ2016251)

摘　　要：针对传统农业物联网系统存在传感器少、投入成本高、建设周期长和对环境不友好等问题,设计了一种可移动式农田信息智能采集车。利用Matlab仿真对关键部件机械臂的构成和运行情况进行了分析和模拟,对采集车进行了小麦田间性能测试。结果显示,采集车整体设计合理,车辆通过性强,越障最大倾斜角达30°,最大遥控距离45m,获取图像清晰。将传感器采集的数据与常用高精度仪器测量结果进行了比对,农田信息采集车所采集温度、湿度、光照强度、CO2浓度、风速、土壤温度和土壤湿度与高精度仪器设备所测数据的相关系数均大于0. 90,单个采样点平均采集时间为45 s,数据采集满足需求。该采集车可实现定时、定点大范围获取田间数据的功能,能够替代传统物联网系统或对其进行补充。In order to obtain the information of field environment and soil in a quicker and more convenient way, a type of information collection vehicle based on TCP was designed. The overall design of the vehicle system included power system, motion control system, power supply system, wireless image transmission system and sensor detection system. The corresponding data can be obtained by sensor detection system, which included DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, photoresistor sensor, DS CO 2 20 carbon dioxide sensor and hot wire wind speed sensor. It was proposed to use the 5-DOF manipulator and the self-made soil sensor bit to obtain the soil temperature and humidity information. The composition and operation of the manipulator were analyzed and simulated by Matlab simulation. According to the results of the performance tests carried out on the collection vehicle in the wheat field, it can be seen that the overall design of the collection vehicle was reasonable. The vehicle had strong passability. The maximum tilt angle was up to 30° and the maximum remote control distance was 45 m. Precise pictures can be secured as well. Compared with those measured by common high-precision instruments, the data collected by the sensor integrated in the vehicle met the needs of experiment, as the correlation coefficient between the temperature, humidity, light intensity, CO 2 concentration, wind speed, soil temperature and soil moisture measured by the agricultural information collection vehicle and the high-precision instruments was greater than 0.90. The collection vehicle can realize the function of obtaining field data in a large range at a fixed time, and replace and supplement the traditional Internet of things system.

关 键 词：采集车 农田信息 智能采集 物联网系统 图像获取 

分 类 号：S24[农业科学—农业电气化与自动化]