贸易开放、收入水平与技能溢价——基于中国居民收入调查数据的检验  

Trade Openness, Income Level and Skill Premium: An Inspection Based on CHIP Data

作　　者：黄灿[1] HUANG Can(School of Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学经济学院

出　　处：《辽宁大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第5期40-50,共11页Journal of Liaoning University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“人口老龄化背景下人力资本影响贸易模式的作用机制研究”（16CJL047）

摘　　要：文章使用中国居民收入调查数据实证检验了贸易开放对我国劳动者收入水平和技能溢价的影响。研究发现:贸易开放提升了劳动者收入水平,拉大了高、低技能劳动者之间的收入差距,提升了技能溢价。贸易开放对收入水平和技能溢价的影响在不同产业、不同类型收入者和不同地区间存在异质性,表现为贸易开放显著提升了第二、三产业劳动者的收入水平和技能溢价,且对第二产业的技能溢价提升程度高于第三产业;贸易开放提高了资本收入者和劳动收入者的收入水平,但仅在劳动收入者中产生了技能溢价;贸易开放提升了沿海和内陆地区劳动者收入水平,并对沿海地区的技能溢价产生促进作用。为此,应协调贸易发展与收入分配的相关政策,将收入差距控制在合理的范围内。Referring to CHIP data,the author examines the impact of trade openness on labor’s income level and skill premium in China.Empirical results show that trade openness has significantly positive effects on both skilled and unskilled labor’s income,with the income gap between skilled and unskilled labor widened and skill premium increased.The impact of trade openness on income and skill premium differs among industries,types of earners and regions.Trade openness shows no significant impact on income and skill premium in the 1st industry,but significant increase of income and skill premium take place in both the 2nd and 3rd industries,with the positive effect on skill premium in the 2nd industry larger than that in the 3rd industry.Trade openness raises income of both capital and labor earners and increases skill premium in labor earners only.Trade openness increases labor’s income in coastal and inland regions,with significantly positive effect on skill premium in coastal region only.

关 键 词：贸易开放 劳动者 收入水平 技能溢价 

分 类 号：F11[经济管理—国际贸易] F16[经济管理—世界经济]