中日性别工资差异比较研究  

A Comparison Study on Gender Wage Gap Between China and Japan

作　　者：谷晶双 GU Jing-shuang(College of Economic,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116025,China)

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《东北财经大学学报》2019年第4期65-73,共9页Journal of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“就业质量评价与提升机制及政策研究”(18AJY007)

摘　　要：本文利用2013年中国家庭收入调查数据(CHIP2013)和2012年日本家庭调查数据(KHPS2012),对中日两国的性别工资差异进行了比较分析。研究发现,中日两国的劳动力市场中都存在着性别工资差异的现象,尤其是日本的性别工资差异更大;中日两国的性别工资差异均随着年龄的增加而表现为逐渐扩大的趋势;结婚和生育是导致性别工资差异扩大的重要因素。本文对中日两国性别工资差异进一步采用Oaxaca分解,结果表明:歧视是造成中日两国性别工资差异的主要原因,但是导致差异的主要因素却有所不同。行业因素对中国劳动力市场歧视程度的影响最大;对日本劳动力市场来说,歧视主要是由于工作年限带给男性的工资回报率远远高于女性引起的。此外,各分位点上的性别工资差异分解结果表明:在中国,相对于高收入群体而言,低收入群体的性别工资差异更大,并且受到的歧视更严重;而日本高收入群体的性别工资差异较大,且受到的歧视较严重。This work had conducted a cross-country comparative analysis of gender wage gap for China and Japan,by using the 2013 Chinese Household Income Project Survey and the 2012 Keio Household Panel Survey.The results showed that gender wage gap exists in labor market in both countries,especially in Japan.The gender wage gap of China and Japan have gradually expanded with age,which mainly caused by marriage and childbirth.The result of the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition indicated that the gender wage gap of China and Japan were mainly attributable to the discrimination,but the major factor leading to discrimination were different for China and Japan.For the labor market of Japan,the discrimination was caused by the factor that the rate of return from work experience for men was significantly higher than women.For the labor market of China,the industry factors have the greatest impact for discrimination.In addition,the results of the quantile decomposition showed that the gender wage gap of the low-income group in China was larger than the high-income group,and the low-income group suffered from greater discrimination.On the contrary,the gender wage gap of the high-income group in Japan was larger than the low-income group,and the high-income group suffered from greater discrimination.

关 键 词：中日比较 性别工资 性别歧视 工资差异 OAXACA分解 分位数分解 

分 类 号：F113.9[经济管理—国际贸易] F244[经济管理—世界经济]