Can mouse models mimic sporadic Alzheimer’s disease?  

作　　者：Bettina M.Foidl Christian Humpel 

机构地区：[1]Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer’s Research, Medical University of Innsbruck

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2020年第3期401-406,共6页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Austrian Science Funds(P24734-B24)

摘　　要：Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide.As age is the main risk factor,>97%of all AD cases are of sporadic origin,potentiated by various risk factors associated with life style and starting at an age>60 years.Only<3%of AD cases are of genetic origin caused by mutations in the amyloid precursor protein or Presenilins 1 or 2,and symptoms already start at an age<30 years.In order to study progression of AD,as well as therapeutic strategies,mouse models are state-of-the-art.So far many transgenic mouse models have been developed and used,with mutations in the APP or presenilin or combinations(3×Tg,5×Tg).However,such transgenic mouse models more likely mimic the genetic form of AD and no information can be given how sporadic forms develop.Several risk genes,such as Apolipoprotein E4 and TREM-2 enhance the risk of sporadic AD,but also many risk factors associated with life style(e.g.,diabetes,hypercholesterolemia,stress)may play a role.In this review we discuss the current situation regarding AD mouse models,and the problems to develop a sporadic mouse model of AD.Alzheimer’s disease(AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide. As age is the main risk factor, > 97% of all AD cases are of sporadic origin, potentiated by various risk factors associated with life style and starting at an age > 60 years. Only < 3% of AD cases are of genetic origin caused by mutations in the amyloid precursor protein or Presenilins 1 or 2, and symptoms already start at an age < 30 years. In order to study progression of AD, as well as therapeutic strategies, mouse models are state-of-the-art. So far many transgenic mouse models have been developed and used, with mutations in the APP or presenilin or combinations(3×Tg, 5×Tg). However, such transgenic mouse models more likely mimic the genetic form of AD and no information can be given how sporadic forms develop. Several risk genes, such as Apolipoprotein E4 and TREM-2 enhance the risk of sporadic AD, but also many risk factors associated with life style(e.g., diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, stress) may play a role. In this review we discuss the current situation regarding AD mouse models, and the problems to develop a sporadic mouse model of AD.

关 键 词：Alzheimer’s disease BETA-AMYLOID cerebral AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY cognitive impairment SPORADIC and genetic mouse models tau vascular risk factors 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]