汤因比早期中国文明观探源  

A Probe into Toynbee′s Early-stage View on Chinese Civilization

作　　者：刘宝[1] LIU Bao(Xuhai College,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou Jiangsu 221008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学徐海学院

出　　处：《廊坊师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期28-35,共8页Journal of Langfang Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2017年度江苏省教育厅哲学社会科学研究项目“汤因比的中国文明观研究”(2017SJB2152)阶段性成果

摘　　要：作为20世纪西方最伟大的历史学家之一,汤因比欣赏中国文明的大一统历史和包容性,欣赏中国文化的“阴阳”哲学,但其早期作品中又充满对中国社会混乱和苦难的摹写,并据此认为中国社会封闭而自负、中国哲学不断衰落退化。这种负面态度与其晚年对中国文明的推崇和礼赞大相径庭,其原因更多来自于英国工业化时代背景的影响以及汤因比初次到访中国所经历的混乱状态。汤因比早期中国文明观念的背后是对非西方文明的排斥和拒绝,是对世界文明中心的单数隐喻。As one of the greatest western historians in the 20^th century,Toynbee admired Chinese civilization for its history and inclusion of the grand unification,as well as the Chinese culture for its Yin-Yang philosophy.However,ample descriptions of disorder and misery of China were found in Toynbee's works,thus he built a quite negative attitude on Chinese society which is completely opposite to his praise and appreciation on China during his last years.The reasons lie in the impact of the English Industrial Revolution and the confusion he himself experienced in China.This negative attitude in his early time is a repulsion and decline to the non-western civilizations and a metaphor of the singular center of the world civilizations.

关 键 词：汤因比 中国文明 西方中心主义 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论] G0[文化科学]