解读《有机化合物命名原则-2017》——新老命名原则的比较及常见取代基的命名  

Explanation of “Nomenclature of Organic Compounds-2017”: Comparison of Nomenclature Rules and Nomenclature of Common Substituent Groups

作　　者：马宁[1] 王光伟[1] 张文勤[1] MA Ning;WANG Guangwei;ZHANG Wenqin(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry&Chemical Engineering Education(Tianjin University),Department of Chemistry,School of Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300354,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学理学院化学系化学化工国家级实验教学示范中心(天津大学)

出　　处：《大学化学》2019年第9期116-120,共5页University Chemistry

摘　　要：对中国化学会新修订的《有机化合物命名原则-2017》与《有机化学命名原则》(1980)的不同之处进行解读,对取代基命名的基本原则、取代基碳链编号的方式进行了归纳、分析,整理汇总了本科有机化学教学中常见取代基的名称,便于大家教学和交流。提出了有机化合物命名的系统化、规范化、简单化、一致化及“向后看齐”等原则,取代基碳骨架无特殊编号规定时采用基碳原子编号为1的方案,仅保留少数取代基俗名(普通名),对于甲酰基相关基团的命名提出了建议。The differences between“Nomenclature of Organic Compounds-2017”and“Nonmenclature of Organic Chemistry(1980)”issued by Chinese Chemical Society are described.The general principles and numbering methods for naming substituent groups commonly used in organic chemistry for undergraduates are analyzed and explained;the proper systematic names are recommended to benefit classroom teaching and academic communication.Moreover,the principles such as systemization,standardization,simplification,uniformization,and“looking afterward”are proposed.Some recommendations are further presented:1)numbering the carbon skeleton of the substituent without compulsory numbering rule always begins at the point of attachment;2)only preserving a minority of trivial names(common names);3)naming methanoyl(formyl)-analogue groups following the name of methanoyl.

关 键 词：有机化合物 命名 取代基 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]