冲击载荷下电机-多级齿轮系统动态特性研究  

Dynamic characteristics of a motor-driven multistage gear system under impact load

作　　者：易园园[1] 秦大同[1] 刘长钊 YI Yuanyuan;QIN Datong;LIU Changzhao(State Key Lab of Mechanical Transmissions,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Sichuan Provincial Key Lab of Process Equipment and Control,Sichuan University of Science and Engineering,Zigong 643000,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]四川理工学院过程装备与控制工程四川省高校重点实验室,四川自贡643000

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2019年第19期253-260,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2014CB046304);过程装备与控制工程四川省高校重点实验室开放基金(GK201713)

摘　　要：为研究非稳态工况下电机-齿轮耦合作用机理,考虑电机电磁特性和齿轮系统扭转振动,将时变啮合刚度和啮合误差表示为齿轮转角的周期函数,建立了一个电机拖动多级齿轮系统的机电耦合模型。求得了系统的固有频率、模态振型及模态能量分布,仿真分析了受冲击载荷激励时齿轮系统的扭振特性和电机电流的频谱特征,比较了不同齿轮副的使用系数和动载系数,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:冲击引发该系统产生由一阶模态主导的瞬时自由振动,电机轴、太阳轮轴和齿圈支承处的扭转变形能量较大,为系统的薄弱环节;多级齿轮耦合振动对该系统高速级影响较大,导致载荷系数呈现出从高速级向低速级逐渐减小的趋势。在稳态运行阶段和瞬态冲击阶段,齿轮系统扭振特征频率在电机电流信号中均有所体现。To investigate interaction mechanism of a motor-gear system under non-steady state conditions,an electrical-mechanical coupled dynamic model for a motor-driven multistage gear system was established considering electromagnetic characteristics of motor and torsional vibration of gear system.The system’s natural frequencies,modal shapes and modal energy distribution were obtained.The gear system’s torsional vibration features under impact load and the motor’s current frequency spectrum features were simulated and analyzed to compare different gear pairs’use factors and dynamic load factors,and conduct verification tests.The results showed that impact load causes the system to have transient free vibration dominated by the first order mode;torsional deformation energy is larger at motor shaft,sun gear shaft and gear ring support,these places are the system’s weak parts;multi-stage gear coupled vibration affects the system’s high speed stage greatly to cause the load factor dropping from high-speed stage to low-speed one;in steady state operation stage and transient impact one,the gear system’s torsional feature frequencies can be reflected in the motor’s current signal.

关 键 词：多级齿轮 非稳态工况 扭振 电流特征分析 动载荷 

分 类 号：TH132[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]