海德格尔论此在与日常生活的审美化  

Heidegger on Being-there and the Aestheticization of Daily Life

作　　者：张贤根[1] Zhang Xiangen

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学时尚与美学研究中心

出　　处：《德国哲学》2018年第2期122-141,247,共21页Chinese Journal of German Philosophy

摘　　要：在当代社会,日常生活的审美化,既与在世生活的人相关,同时又涉及如何向存在本身的回归。海德格尔之所以对存在加以历史性追问,乃是因为人们所关注的往往都是存在者,而遗忘了存在本身,从而导致存在成为根本性的问题。在世界之中存在,此在不仅与他人共在,同时它又与自身发生游离,从而成为陷入日常状态的人。此在常常忙于日常生活方式而难以抽身,致使此在自身的存在本性被遮蔽。但日常性此在业已丧失于常人与他人之中,日常生活的审美化必定相关于此在及其向自身的回归。审美现代性与后现代文化,无不渗透进人们的生存与日常生活里。但这又可能使日常生活及其审美化,异化在大众文化与消费主义的症候里。在海德格尔那里,日常生活的审美化并不是感性化与情感化的过程,而是经验经由艺术文本向存在本身的通达。在晚期思想阶段,海德格尔并没有停留在对此在及其日常生活的一般把握上,而是将存在作为此在本性通达的根本指向与旨归,并将此在理解与阐释为与天、地、神发生游戏的人。海德格尔的天、地、人、神的四元游戏,其实也是对他中期世界与大地之争执的回应。尽管说,这种争执将不断成为争执并且建构出自身的意义,但在回归存在的过程中,艺术也难以彻底摆脱与日常生活的牵涉。作为对日常生活的祛蔽与理性形而上学的克服,人的诗意居住为生活审美化做出了根本性的奠基。In contemporary society,the aestheticization of daily life is not only related to living people, but also related to how to return to existence itself. Why did Heidegger ask for existence historically,because people alw ays focus on beings and forget existence itself,making Being become the fundamental problems. Being-there exists in the world,it is not only w ith others,but also separate from itself,thus becoming a person in a daily state. Being-there is often too busy w ith the daily life style,and it is difficult to get out of the world,so the nature of Being in existence of being-there is covered. But the constant being-there has been lost in ordinary people and others,and the aesthetic of daily life must be related to being-there and return to itself. Aesthetic modernity and postmodern culture permeate people’s existence and daily life. But it may also make daily life and its aestheticization alienate in the symptoms of mass culture and consumerism. In Heidegger’s view,the aestheticization of daily life is not a process for the sensibility and emotion,but a process for experience going to existence itself though art text. In the late stage,Heidegger didn’t stay in general grasp of being-there and its daily life,but regarded Being as the fundamental aim for being-there by nature,and understood and interpreted being-there as a mortal who plays w ith the heaven,earth and divinity. Heidegger’s fourfold game of heaven,earth,mortal and divinity,is also a response to his mid-stage’s dispute betw een world and earth. Although such dispute w ill continue to be the dispute and construct its ow n meaning,it is difficult for art to get rid of its involvement w ith daily life in the process of returning to existence. As the removal of daily life and the overcoming of rational metaphysics,people’s poetic dwelling has made a fundamental foundation for the aestheticization of life.

关 键 词：此在 日常生活 审美化 诗意 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]